Table 2 Clinical characteristics of the final study population hospitalized from 2010 to 2019 after propensity score matchinga
|  | Non-DM pts (n = 1030) | DM pts treated with GLP-1 RA/SGLT-2i (n = 1030) | DM pts not treated with GLP-1 RA/SGLT-2i (n = 1030) | p value | p valueb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 67 ± 13 | 66 ± 9 | 67 ± 11 | 0.22 | 0.43 |
Female gender, n (%) | 289 (28%) | 279 (27%) | 268 (26%) | 0.58 | 0.58 |
Year of hospitalization | 2018 (2016–2019) | 2019 (2016–2019) | 2018 (2016–2019) | 0.34 | 0.72 |
Prior MI, n (%) | 335 (32%) | 333 (32%) | 363 (35%) | 0.29 | 0.16 |
STEMI as admission diagnosis, n (%) | 355 (34%) | 350 (34%) | 347 (34%) | 0.93 | 0.89 |
Comorbiditiesc | |||||
 Arterial hypertension, n (%) | 494 (48%) | 485 (47%) | 488 (47%) | 0.92 | 0.86 |
 Chronic IHD, n (%) | 478 (46%) | 488 (47%) | 495 (48%) | 0.75 | 0.76 |
 CKD, n (%) | 59 (6%) | 62 (6%) | 67 (6%) | 0.76 | 0.65 |
 COPD, n (%) | 53 (5%) | 52 (5%) | 47 (5%) | 0.81 | 0.61 |
 Cancer, n (%) | 99 (19%) | 88 (8%) | 97 (9%) | 0.67 | 0.49 |
 Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 51 (5%) | 57 (5%) | 60 (6%) | 0.67 | 0.77 |
 Chronic heart failure, n (%) | 14 (1%) | 14 (1%) | 10 (1%) | 0.65 | 0.42 |
Number of comorbidities | Â | Â | Â | 0.16 | 0.15 |
 0, n (%) | 246 (24%) | 255 (25%) | 231 (22%) |  |  |
 1, n (%) | 442 (43%) | 424 (41%) | 434 (42%) |  |  |
 2, n (%) | 247 (24%) | 247 (24%) | 285 (27%) |  |  |
 3, n (%) | 73 (7%) | 89 (9%) | 61 (6%) |  |  |
  > 3, n (%) | 22 (2%) | 15 (1%) | 19 (2%) |  |  |
Medications before hospitalization | |||||
 ACE-I/ARBs, n (%) | 772 (75%) | 775 (75%) | 804 (78%) | 0.19 | 0.13 |
 Beta blockers, n (%) | 590 (57%) | 595 (58%) | 600 (58%) | 0.90 | 0.82 |
 Lipid lowering drugs, n (%) | 811 (79%) | 826 (80%) | 831 (81%) | 0.52 | 0.78 |
 Antiplatelet drugs, n (%) | 638 (62%) | 624 (61%) | 613 (59%) | 0.53 | 0.67 |
 Anticoagulant drugs, n (%) | 73 (7%) | 69 (7%) | 78 (8%) | 0.74 | 0.44 |
 Anti-hyperglycemic drugs | – |  |  |  |  |
 Metformin, n (%) | – | 836 (81%) | 621 (60%) | – |  < 0.0001 |
 Sulfonylurea, n (%) | – | 299 (29%) | 239 (23%) | – | 0.003 |
 DPP-4i, n (%) | – | 91 (9%) | 112 (11%) | – | 0.12 |
 Insulin, n (%) | – | 466 (45%) | 12,112 (33%) | – |  < 0.0001 |
Procedures during index hospitalization | |||||
 Coronary multivessel disease, n (%) | 554 (54%) | 579 (56%) | 581 (56%) | 0.41 | 0.93 |
 PCI, n (%) | 724 (70%) | 730 (71%) | 739 (72%) | 0.76 | 0.66 |
 DES implantation, n (%) | 640 (62%) | 659 (64%) | 650 (63%) | 0.68 | 0.68 |