Fig. 8From: Empagliflozin suppressed cardiac fibrogenesis through sodium-hydrogen exchanger inhibition and modulation of the calcium homeostasisThe proposed molecular mechanism underlying the anti-fibrotic effects of empagliflozin on atrial fibroblasts. By inhibiting the Na+-H+ exchanger (NHE), empagliflozin decreases the expression of phosphorylated phospholipase C (PLC) and inositol trisphosphate (IP3) production thereby reducing ER Ca2+ release, extracellular Ca2+ entry and decreasing profibrotic cellular activities of atrial fibroblastsBack to article page