Fig. 2

Cardiac ASMase promotes NADPH oxidases and apoptosis in HFD mice. a Representative Western blot images of ASMase expression in the myocardium of HFD-induced mice with or without imipramine. b Quantitative analysis of ASMase expression, β-actin was used as a loading control. c ASMase activity was detected by assay kit. d Representative immumohistochemical staining of ceramide (scale bar: 100 μm). e Representative images of Oil Red staining in hearts and livers from four groups of mice (scale bar: 100 μm). f–i Representative Western blot images and quantitative analysis of NOX4, NOX2 and 4-HNE protein expressions in hearts of four groups. β-actin was used as a loading control. j Representative fluorescence images of TUNEL staining (left scale bar: 1000 μm; right scale bar: 50 μm). k Quantitative analysis of TUNEL-positive cells in myocardial tissues. Data were presented as mean ± SEM, n = 3. ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01, ^***P < 0.001, ^****P < 0.0001