Table 3 Relative odds of prediabetes and diabetes according to AIP in different models among male and female

Male

 Per 1 increment

3274 (66.64%)

3.20 (2.66, 3.86)***

1.72 (1.17, 2.53)**

1.41 (0.87, 2.29)

 Q1(< − 0.25)

695 (56.64%)

1

1

1

 Q2(−0.25 to < -0.03)

762 (62.00%)

1.25 (1.06, 1.47)**

0.97 (0.80, 1.17)

1.00 (0.78, 1.27)

 Q3(− 0.03 to < 0.20)

856 (69.71%)

1.76 (1.49, 2.08)***

1.19 (0.97, 1.47)

1.08 (0.83, 1.40)

 Q4(≥ 0.02)

961 (78.19%)

2.74 (2.30, 3.27)***

1.59 (1.20, 2.12)**

1.51 (1.07, 2.14)*

 P for trend

 < 0.0001

0.0022

0.055

Female

 Per 1 increment

2943 (56.75%)

8.47 (6.90, 10.39) ***

4.26 (2.68, 6.78)***

4.96 (2.68, 9.18)***

 Q1(< − 0.37)

481 (37.09%)

1

1

1

 Q2(− 0.37 to < -0.17)

652 (50.31%)

1.72 (1.47, 2.01)***

1.33 (1.10, 1.61)**

1.21 (0.93, 1.58)

 Q3(− 0.17 to < 0.05)

825 (63.66%)

2.97 (2.53, 3.49)***

1.64 (1.31, 2.05)***

1.52 (1.11, 2.07)**

 Q4(≥ 0.05)

985 (75.94%)

5.36 (4.52, 6.35)***

2.23 (1.60, 3.10)***

2.41 (1.53, 3.79)***

P for trend

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

0.0003

P value for interaction*

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001