Table 1 Baseline characteristics from PREVEND, based on sex and selenium status
Factor | Total cohort | Selenium deficient (< 70 μg/L) | Selenium non-deficient (≥ 70 μg/L) | P-value interaction by sex | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Males | Females | P-value | Males | Females | P-value | |||
N | 4288 | 390 | 454 | Â | 1678 | 1766 | Â | Â |
Demographics | ||||||||
 Selenium concentration (µg/L) | 85.7 (19.7) | 62.4 (57.4, 66.3) | 62.6 (57.0, 67.4) | 0.23 | 88.4 (79.3, 98.7) | 89.3 (80.0, 100.3) | 0.077 |  |
 Age (years) | 54.5 (12.5) | 55.7 (13.4) | 52.8 (12.3) |  < 0.001 | 55.3 (12.7) | 53.9 (12.1) |  < 0.001 | 0.119 |
 Prevalence of heart failure (%) | 46 (1.1%) | 8 (2.1%) | 3 (0.7%) | 0.072 | 29 (1.8%) | 6 (0.3%) |  < 0.001 | 0.086 |
 Prevalence of myocardial infarction (%) | 280 (6.5%) | 42 (11.0%) | 37 (8.3%) | 0.18 | 143 (8.7%) | 58 (3.3%) |  < 0.001 | 0.021 |
 Prevalence of Cerebrovascular accident (%) | 42 (1.0%) | 7 (1.8%) | 5 (1.1%) | 0.39 | 14 (0.9%) | 16 (0.9%) | 0.81 | 0.649 |
 Prevalence of atrial fibrillation (%) | 56 (1.3%) | 10 (2.6%) | 1 (0.2%) | 0.003 | 29 (1.8%) | 16 (0.9%) | 0.037 | 0.850 |
Signs of metabolic syndrome | ||||||||
 BMI (kg/m2) | 27.0 (4.3) | 26.8 (3.4) | 27.3 (5.0) | 0.078 | 27.0 (3.7) | 26.8 (4.8) | 0.11 |  < 0.001 |
 Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 127.2 (19.4) | 131.1 (17.1) | 123.7 (19.2) |  < 0.001 | 131.4 (18.4) | 123.1 (19.8) |  < 0.001 | 0.690 |
 Prevalence of hypertension (%) | 930 (21.7%) | 96 (24.6%) | 88 (19.4%) | 0.069 | 438 (26.1%) | 308 (17.5%) |  < 0.001 | 0.623 |
 Prevalence of diabetes mellitus (%) | 275 (6.4%) | 22 (5.7%) | 21 (4.7%) | 0.51 | 130 (7.9%) | 102 (5.9%) | 0.020 | 0.040 |
 Glucose (mmol/L) | 4.8 (4.4, 5.3) | 4.8 (4.5, 5.4) | 4.7 (4.4, 5.2) |  < 0.001 | 5.0 (4.5, 5.5) | 4.7 (4.4, 5.2) |  < 0.001 | 0.018 |
 Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.3 (4.7, 6.1) | 5.1 (4.5, 5.9) | 5.2 (4.5, 5.9) | 0.42 | 5.4 (4.7, 6.1) | 5.4 (4.7, 6.2) | 0.26 | 0.707 |
 hs-CRP (mg/L) | 1.3 (0.6, 2.8) | 1.3 (0.6, 2.7) | 1.6 (0.7, 3.6) | 0.059 | 1.1 (0.5, 2.4) | 1.3 (0.6, 3.0) |  < 0.001 | 0.225 |