Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the included population and comparison between diabetes and controls
Parameters | Overall N = 202 | Control N = 108 | Diabetes N = 94 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Anthropometry | ||||
Age, years (IQR) | 71 (59–81) | 76 (59–83) | 70 (61–77) | 0.07 |
Male, n (%) | 127 (63) | 74 (61) | 72 (70) | 0.06 |
Weight (kg) | 73 (64–82) | 70 (61–79) | 78 (67–88) | 0.0003 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 25 (23–29) | 24 (22–27) | 27 (24–31) | 0.0003 |
Cardiometabolic risk profile | ||||
Active smoking, n (%) | 14 (7%) | 8 (7) | 6 (7) | 1.00 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 126 (62%) | 55 (51) | 71 (76) | 0.0003 |
Dyslipidemia, n (%) | 87 (43%) | 33 (31) | 54 (57) | 0.0001 |
CVDs, n(%) | 49 (24) | 14 (13) | 35 (37) |  < 0.0001 |
Adipose tissue imaging biomarkers | ||||
CATi (mL/m2) | 113 (69–152) | 97 (54–150) | 124 (85–155) | 0.0160 |
VATi (mL/m2) | 545 (299–852) | 440 (231–645) | 709 (416–999) |  < 0.0001 |
SATi (mL/m2) | 443 (268–634) | 368 (239–562) | 513(3 39–710) |  < 0.01 |
VATi/CATi | 5.5 (3.4–7.7) | 5 (2.8–6.7) | 5.9 (4–8.4) |  < 0.01 |
CAC-DRS classification | ||||
0 | 46 (23) | 28 (26) | 18 (19) | 0.03 |
1 | 81 (40) | 43 (40) | 38 (40) | |
2 | 41 (20) | 26 (24) | 15 (16) | |
3 | 34 (17) | 11 (10) | 23 (24) | |
 > 0 | 46 (23) | 28 (26) | 18 (19) | 0.31 |
3 vs < 3 | 34 (17) | 11 (10) | 23 (24) | 0.0082 |
Lung CT scan severity score | ||||
Minimal (10%) | 32 (16) | 14 (13) | 18 (19) | 0.06 |
Moderate (10–25%) | 67 (33) | 37 (34) | 30 (32) | |
Extensive (25–50%) | 74 (37) | 41 (38) | 33 (35) | |
Severe (> 50%) | 29 (14) | 16 (15) | 13 (14) | |
Minimal (10%) vs > 10% | 32 (16) | 14 (13) | 18 (19) | 0.70 |
Severe (> 50%) vs ≤ 50% | 29 (14) | 16 (15) | 13 (14) | 1.00 |
Biological markers | ||||
Leukocytes (× 109/L) | 6.4 (4.9–8.4) | 6.1 (4.4–7.9) | 6.5 (5.3–8.6) | 0.05 |
PMNs (× 109/L) | 4.9 (3.4–6.7) | 4.6 (3.1–6.2) | 5.2 (3.7–7) | 0.07 |
Lymphocytes (× 109/L) | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) | 0.8 (0.7–1.1) | 1 (0.7–1.3) | 0.02 |
CRP (mg/L) | 70 (30–131) | 67 (29–134) | 79 (34–129) | 0.65 |
Platelets (× 103/L) | 212 (155–267) | 204 (146–269) | 215 (166–267) | 0.31 |
Troponin-T (ng/L) | 18 (9–38) | 15 (8–30) | 20 (11–45) | 0.01 |
AST (UI/L) | 44 (31–64) | 45 (33–62) | 44 (29–67) | 0.61 |
ALT (UI/L) | 31 (20–49) | 31 (21–49) | 32 (20–52) | 0.67 |
eGFR(mL/min/1.73 m2) | 85 (60–110) | 88 (66–123) | 76 (48–100) | 0.009 |
Glycemia (mmoL/L) | 6.9 (5.5–9.4) | 5.6 (5.1–6.6) | 9.4 (7–11.8) |  < 0.0001 |
Outcomes | ||||
CMU, n (%) | 112 (55) | 58 (54) | 54 (57) | 0.74 |
ICU, n (%) | 48 (24) | 28 (26) | 20 (21) | |
Death, n (%) | 42 (21) | 22 (20) | 20 (21) | |
ICU admission or Death, n (%) | 90 (45) | 50 (46) | 40 (43) | 0.67 |
Mortality, n (%) | 42 (21) | 22 (20) | 20 (21) | 1.00 |