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Table 3 Effect of single and multiple treatments by DSCD on endothelium function (small or middle-sized arteries) (study 1 and study 2)

From: Effects of single and multiple sessions of lower body diastole-synchronized compressions using a pulsating pneumatic suit on endothelium function and metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes: two controlled cross-over studies

 

Acute treatment (Study 1) (n = 16)

Control session

DSCD session

pi

pi−2

pi−3

 

Before

After

p-value

Before

After

p-value

Reactive hyperaemia index

1.90 ± 0.50

2.11 ± 0.40

0.176

2.07 ± 0.33

2.22 ± 0.48

0.298

0.839

0.874

NA

 

Chronic treatment (study 2) (n = 38)

Control period

DSCD period

pi

pi−2

pi−3

Before

After

p-value

Before

After

p-value

Brachial artery diameter (mm)

3.91 ± 0.60

3.97 ± 0.65

0.547

4.00 ± 0.67

3.96 ± 0.57

0.527

0.332

0.332

0.165

FMD (%)

4.38 ± 2.09

4.17 ± 2.11

0.579

3.78 ± 1.67

3.76 ± 2.05

0.961

0.670

0.678

0.490

VTI (cm)

81.0 ± 21.0

84.3 ± 23.0

0.338

80.7 ± 22.0

84.8 ± 21.7

0.161

0.851

0.855

0.479

SSRH (dyn/cm2)

67.8 ± 20.6

67.9 ± 22.2

0.895

66.7 ± 19.5

70.4 ± 23.7

0.246

0.431

0.433

0.229

  1. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. p-value: comparison between before and after session (Study 1) or period (Study 2); pi: interaction between time (after compared to before) and group (DSCD compared to Control) adjusted for period and sequence; pi−2: interaction between time (after compared to before) and group (DSCD compared to Control) adjusted for period, sequence and initial body mass index; pi−3: interaction between time (after compared to before) and group (DSCD compared to Control) adjusted for period, sequence and change in total physical activity. Control: simulated session (Study 1) and no session (Study 2)
  2. DSCD diastole synchronized compression/decompression session at 65 mmHg, FMD brachial flow-mediated dilation, NA not applicable, SSRH shear stress in response to reactive hyperaemia, VTI speed of the hyperaemia response brachial artery diameter, FMD and VTI were recorded 24 h after the last DSCD session of DSCD period