Table 2 Patient characteristics for study 2

Sex (Male/Female)

21/17

8/9

13/8

Age (years)

62.4 ± 7.6

62.8 ± 8.1

62.2 ± 7.4

Weight (kg)

93.3 ± 18.0

93.0 ± 14.9

93.6 ± 20.6

Height (cm)

168.6 ± 10.3

167.8 ± 10.5

169.3 ± 10.3

Body mass index (kg/m²)

32.8 ± 5.7

33.1 ± 5.6

32.6 ± 6.0

Waist circumference (cm)

112.1 ± 12.4

113.2 ± 9.6

111.3 ± 14.5

Smokers

3 (7.9)

2 (11.8)

1 (4.8)

HbA1c (%)

7.24 ± 1.22

7.29 ± 1.43

7.20 ± 1.06

HbA1c (mmol/mol)

56.52 ± 14.53

56.16 ± 15.65

56.80 ± 13.94

Diabetes duration (years)

8.4 [5.9; 15.7]

5.7 [4.8; 10.7]

10.4 [5.9; 15.7]

Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L)

8.44 ± 2.90

8.93 ± 3.67

8.04 ± 2.10

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

4.42 ± 1.02

4.43 ± 1.17

4.41 ± 0.91

HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)

1.22 ± 0.31

1.17 ± 0.38

1.27 ± 0.24

LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)

2.45 ± 0.91

2.38 ± 1.03

2.51 ± 0.82

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

1.75 ± 0.99

1.94 ± 0.73

1.59 ± 1.16

Non-HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)

3.20 ± 1.03

3.26 ± 1.16

3.15 ± 0.93

Urine albumin (mg/L)

9.9 [6.8; 23.9]

10.6 [6.2; 20.3]

9.2 [6.9; 23.9]

Plasma creatinine (µmol/L)

74.1 ± 15.2

75.5 ± 15.8

73.0 ± 15.0

Glomerular filtration rate (CKD, mL/min/1.73m²)

85.9 ± 14.6

83.0 ± 17.4

88.3 ± 11.9

Aortic SBP (mmHg)^a

127.1 ± 8.9

128.9 ± 9.7

125.6 ± 8.2

Aortic DBP (mmHg)^a

80.7 ± 8.7

80.1 ± 11.6

81.2 ± 5.6

Aortic pulse pressure (mmHg)^a

46.4 ± 9.0

48.9 ± 11.4

44.4 ± 6.2

Rest left CBF (palmar hand) (PU)

92 [44; 143]

122 [48; 200]

88 [38; 128]

Brachial artery diameter (mm)

3.94 ± 0.65

3.89 ± 0.76

3.99 ± 0.56

FMD (%)

3.78 ± 2.01

4.08 ± 1.95

3.50 ± 2.06

Insulin treatment

14 (36.8)

7 (41.2)

7 (33.3)

Statins

23 (60.5)

12 (70.6)

11 (52.4)

Fibrates

2 (5.3)

1 (5.9)

1 (4.8)

Antiplatelet treatments

15 (39.5)

6 (35.3)

9 (42.9)

ACE-inhibitor

12 (31.6)

6 (35.3)

6 (28.6)

ARB

15 (39.5)

7 (41.2)

8 (38.1)

Beta-blockers

11 (28.9)

3 (17.6)

8 (38.1)

Calcium-channel blockers

11 (28.9)

4 (23.5)

7 (33.3)

Other antihypertensive drugs

13 (34.2)

4 (23.5)

9 (42.9)