Study/ Authors Name | Follow-up, y | Age, y | Country | Sample size, Number | SCD, Number | Adjustments | MetS criteria | RR/HR (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Paris Prospective Study I: 2007 [26] | 21.2 | Middle -age | France | M: 6678 | 105 | Age, mean number of cigarettes smoked daily in the past 5 years, sporting activity, total cholesterol, family history of sudden death, and fatal myocardial infarction | ATP III (2001) | HR: 1.68 (1.05–2.70) |
IDF | HR: 2.02 (1.30–3.14) | |||||||
KIHD Study: 2016 [24] | 21.5 | Middle -age | Finland | M: 1466 | 85 | Age and examination year, socio-economic status, smoking, alcohol consumption, family history of coronary heart disease, LDL cholesterol concentrations, dietary intake of saturated fats, and energy expenditure of leisure-time physical activity | WHO | RR: 2.34 (1.45–3.78) |
ATP III (2001) | RR: 2.50 (1.36–4.58) | |||||||
IDF | RR: 2.20 (1.20–4.04) | |||||||
JIS | RR: 2.57 (1.63–4.06) | |||||||
ARIC Study: 2017 [25] | 23.6 | 54 (49–59)* | US (24.8% blacks) | F: 7374 M: 5794 | 357 | Age, sex, race, heart rate, smoking status, use of calcium channel blockers, b-blockers, and antiarrhythmic medications, left ventricular hypertrophy | JIS | HR: 1.70 (1.37–2.12) |
Kim Study: 2022 [27] | 2009 -2018 |  ≥ 20 | Korea | F: 1,822,892 M: 2,233,531 | 16,352 | Age, sex, body mass index, alcohol consumption, smoking status, regular physical activity, and income level | ATP III (2005) | HR: 1.51 (1.46–1.56) |
TLGS (Present study) | 17.9 | 52 (45–61)* | Iran | F: 2785 M: 2294 | WHO-MetS:171 JIS-/IDF-/ATP III-MetS:182 | Age, sex, current smoking, resting heart rate, family history of premature cardiovascular disease †| WHO | HR: 1.68 (1.20–2.35) |
ATP III (2001) | HR: 1.06 (0.76–1.47) | |||||||
IDF | HR: 1.51 (1.12–2.03) | |||||||
JIS | HR: 1.47 (1.08–1.98) |