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Table 2 Comparison of coronary artery plaque characteristics of three cluster groups in T2DM

From: Unsupervised machine learning based on clinical factors for the detection of coronary artery atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus

 

Cluster 1 (n = 463)

Cluster 2 (n = 341)

Cluster 3 (n = 353)

P value

Segments of different plaque types

 Calcified plaque

2.43 ± 2.46

1.79 ± 1.96a

1.72 ± 1.98a

 < 0.001

 Mixed plaque

2.24 ± 2.59

2.81 ± 2.78a

3.02 ± 2.84a

 < 0.001

 Noncalcified plaque

0.40 ± 0.78

0.50 ± 0.95

0.63 ± 1.02a

 < 0.001

Segments with different degrees of stenosis

 Minimal stenosis

2.13 ± 1.78

1.81 ± 1.58

2.00 ± 1.70

0.069

 Mild stenosis

1.91 ± 2.05

1.89 ± 1.84

1.99 ± 2.01

0.619

 Moderate stenosis

0.72 ± 1.48

0.89 ± 1.58

0.91 ± 1.57a

0.020

 Severe stenosis

0.26 ± 0.91

0.48 ± 1.43

0.40 ± 1.09a

0.021

 Non obstructive stenosis

4.06 ± 2.47

3.71 ± 2.21

4.02 ± 2.34

0.189

 Obstructive stenosis

0.98 ± 2.00

1.37 ± 2.45a

1.32 ± 2.17a

0.003

 Involved vessels

2.60 ± 1.07

2.64 ± 1.09

2.73 ± 1.03

0.275

 SIS

5.04 ± 3.05

5.08 ± 3.10

5.34 ± 3.05

0.278

 SSS

9.14 ± 7.96

10.18 ± 9.24

10.35 ± 8.51

0.121

Patient level

 Patients with calcified plaques

352(76.0%)

242(71.0%)

232(65.7%)a

0.005

 Patients with mixed plaque

315(68.0%)

265(77.7%)a

272(77.1%)a

0.002

 Patients with noncalcified plaque

121(26.1%)

106(31.1%)

141(39.9%)a,b

 < 0.001

 Obstructive disease

149(32.2%)

140(41.1%)a

151(42.8%)a

0.003

 Involved vessels ≥ 3

255(55.1%)

193(56.6%)

208(58.9%)

0.546

 SIS ≥ 4

289(62.4%)

211(61.9%)

233(66.0%)

0.458

 SSS ≥ 6

268(57.9%)

205(60.1%)

214(60.6%)

0.693

  1. aIndicates that the difference between the two groups is statistically significant
  2. bIndicates that the difference between the two groups is statistically significant