Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients with diabetes in NHANES III
| Â | Total | Serum TSH levels (mIU/L) | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tertile 1 (0.39–1.30) | Tertile 2 (1.30–2.09) | Tertile 3 (2.09–4.60) | |||
Participants, n | 1830 | 576 | 642 | 612 | Â |
 Age, years | 58.0 (14.2) | 54.3 (15.1) | 59.0 (13.8) | 60.6 (13.0) | <0.001 |
 Age ≥ 60 | 1047 (50.2) | 286 (39.0) | 359 (51.9) | 402 (59.9) | <0.001 |
 Male | 859 (49.2) | 273 (52.3) | 311 (50.0) | 275 (45.3) | 0.413 |
Race/ethnicity | 0.040 | ||||
 Non-Hispanic white | 670 (71.6) | 177 (65.7) | 244 (72.1) | 249 (77.1) |  |
 Non-Hispanic black | 528 (14.2) | 202 (17.1) | 189 (14.9) | 137 (10.6) |  |
 Hispanic Mexican | 559 (6.1) | 169 (6.1) | 184 (6.0) | 206 (6.2) |  |
 Others | 73 (8.1) | 28 (11.1) | 25 (7.1) | 20 (6.1) |  |
Education level | 0.571 | ||||
 Less than high school | 702 (22.4) | 215 (25.0) | 233 (22.2) | 254 (19.9) |  |
 High school or equivalent | 799 (50.4) | 263 (49.5) | 291 (51.3) | 245 (50.2) |  |
 Higher than high school | 329 (27.3) | 98 (25.6) | 118 (26.5) | 113 (29.9) |  |
Smoking status | 0.532 | ||||
 Never | 847 (41.4) | 267 (43.1) | 296 (39.0) | 284 (42.2) |  |
 Former | 651 (38.6) | 196 (34.5) | 222 (39.9) | 233 (41.4) |  |
 Current | 332 (20.0) | 113 (22.4) | 124 (21.1) | 95 (16.5) |  |
BMI, kg/m2 | 29.5 (6.2) | 29.3 (6.4) | 29.4 (6.0) | 29.8 (6.2) | 0.720 |
Leisure-time physical activity | 0.337 | ||||
 Inactive | 530 (21.5) | 171 (24.8) | 174 (17.7) | 185 (22.3) |  |
 Insufficiency active | 728 (42.2) | 221 (41.4) | 248 (43.6) | 259 (41.5) |  |
 Active | 572 (36.3) | 184 (33.8) | 220 (38.7) | 168 (36.2) |  |
Diabetes duration, years | 0.748 | ||||
 <10 | 1391 (79.7) | 446 (80.2) | 482 (78.5) | 463 (80.7) |  |
  ≥ 10 | 439 (20.3) | 130 (19.8) | 160 (21.5) | 149 (19.3) |  |
HbA1c, %, | 0.757 | ||||
 <7.0 | 1085 (64.9) | 352 (65.1) | 376 (63.3) | 357 (66.6) |  |
  ≥ 7.0 | 745 (35.1) | 224 (34.9) | 266 (36.7) | 255 (33.4) |  |
eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 0.038 | ||||
 <30 | 46 (1.7) | 15 (1.7) | 13 (1.8) | 18 (1.7) |  |
 30–60 | 542 (28.8) | 142 (25.0) | 189 (26.9) | 211 (34.8) |  |
  ≥ 60 | 1242 (69.5) | 419 (73.3) | 440 (71.4) | 383 (63.5) |  |
Urinary iodine, μg/L | 0.146 | ||||
 <100 | 568 (34.2) | 165 (33.1) | 223 (39.0) | 180 (30.1) |  |
 100–187 | 597 (34.0) | 203 (34.0) | 181 (29.2) | 213 (39.0) |  |
  ≥ 187 | 598 (31.8) | 186 (32.9) | 213 (31.7) | 199 (30.8) |  |
TPO-Ab, IU/mL | <0.001 | ||||
 <0.5 | 1642 (89.9) | 535 (92.6) | 599 (94.5) | 508 (82.2) |  |
  ≥ 0.5 | 188 (10.1) | 41 (7.4) | 43 (5.5) | 104 (17.8) |  |
HEI score | 65.1 (14.1) | 63.9 (14.7) | 65.0 (14.1) | 66.3 (13.4) | 0.274 |
HDL-C, mg/dL | 47.0 (15.8) | 47.9 (15.2) | 47.1 (14.6) | 46.0 (17.6) | 0.565 |
TC, mg/dL | 222.2 (49.6) | 218.1 (54.8) | 224.7 (46.3) | 223.5 (47.1) | 0.312 |
Medical conditions | |||||
 Hypertension | 902 (47.6) | 269 (43.6) | 310 (48.2) | 323 (50.9) | 0.208 |
 Cardiovascular disease | 327 (16.1) | 80 (12.4) | 112 (16.1) | 135 (20.0) | 0.023 |
 Cancer | 173 (12.7) | 51 (10.4) | 59 (14.2) | 63 (13.3) | 0.439 |