Skip to main content
Fig. 3 | Cardiovascular Diabetology

Fig. 3

From: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease and implications for cardiovascular risk and disease prevention

Fig. 3

Comparative effects of MAFLD-only and NAFLD-only on the risk of fatal and nonfatal CVD events and all-cause mortality. The figure shows the forest plots of the effects of the MAFLD-only or the NAFLD-only status on the risk of CVD mortality and events and all-cause mortality in cohort studies that simultaneously used the MAFLD and NAFLD definitions. The NAFLD-only status is defined as presence of NAFLD but not MAFLD; the MAFLD-only status is defined as presence of MAFLD but not NAFLD. The reference category in these statistical analyses is the absence of both NAFLD and MAFLD. Data are expressed as hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (in parenthesis). (A) CVD events [14, 28]: the MAFLD-only status was associated with a higher risk of CVD events than the NAFLD-only status; (B) CVD mortality [14, 29, 30]: either the MAFLD-only status or NAFLD-only status was not associated with CVD mortality; (C) all-cause mortality [29, 30]: the MAFLD-only status was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality than the NAFLD-only status. Abbreviations: CVD: cardiovascular disease; MAFLD: metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease; NAFLD: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Back to article page