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Table 4 Postoperative outcomes according to preoperative HbA1c in DM patients

From: Impact of diabetes mellitus on long-term clinical and graft outcomes after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting with pure bilateral skeletonized internal thoracic artery grafts

 

Well-controlled DM group

Poorly controlled DM group

Unadjusted

Multivariable adjusted*

Propensity-score matched

HR

95% CI

P-value

HR

95% CI

P-value

HR

95% CI

P-value

Early outcomes (< 30 days)

N = 516

N = 752

      

N = 904 (452 Pairs)

 Early mortality

1 (0.3%)

1 (0.2%)

0.638

0.040–10.232

 > 0.999

   

0.248

0.028–2.231

0.374

 Bleeding requiring reoperation

7 (1.4%)

9 (1.2%)

0.881

0.326–2.380

 > 0.999

   

1.169

0.390–3.507

> 0.999

 Graft related reoperation

2 (0.4%)

1 (0.1%)

0.342

0.031–3.784

0.570

   

0.499

0.045–5.521

> 0.999

 Myocardial infarction

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

NA

NA

NA

   

NA

NA

NA

 Stroke

3 (0.6%)

8 (1.1%)

1.839

0.485–6.964

0.540

   

2.354

0.605–9.162

0.341

 Atrial fibrillation

16 (3.1%)

30 (4.0%)

1.298

0.700–2.407

0.448

   

2.149

1.035–4.463

0.053

 Acute kidney injury

40 (8.4%)

52 (7.5%)

0.892

0.581–1.372

0.659

   

1.114

0.666–1.864

0.696

 Dialysis

8 (2.0%)

7 (1.3%)

0.641

0.230–1.782

0.436

   

0.926

0.308–2.784

> 0.999

 Wound infection

19 (3.7%)

55 (7.3%)

2.064

1.210–3.521

0.007

   

2.430

1.331–4.434

0.004

 Repeated wound infection

4 (0.8%)

9 (1.2%)

1.550

0.475–5.062

0.577

   

3.539

0.731–17.130

0.178

Long-term outcomes at 10 years

           

 Cardiac death

8 (5.4%)

10 (3.5%)

0.783

0.311–2.013

0.605

0.839

0.308–2.284

0.731

0.946

0.273–3.362

0.930

 Myocardial infarction

6 (7.0%)

8 (5.7%)

0.783

0.273–2.302

0.650

0.938

0.320–0.750

0.906

1.274

0.404–4.114

0.679

 Repeat revascularization

16 (16.9%)

15 (10.2%)

0.532

0.264–1.087

0.077

0.464

0.226–0.952

0.036

0.643

0.287–1.469

0.285

 MACE

23 (20.3%)

26 (13.5%)

0.664

0.379–1.176

0.152

0.628

0.344–1.146

0.130

0.773

0.398–1.523

0.449

 Stroke

14 (8.4%)

27 (10.6%)

1.245

0.652–2.409

0.506

1.416

0.730–2.747

0.303

1.668

0.815–3.468

0.161

Graft related outcomes at 10 years

           

 ITA graft failure†

20 (8.9%)

49 (20.1%)

1.457

0.868–2.470

0.154

1.327

0.787–2.236

0.288

1.093

0.616–1.965

0.755

  FitzGibbon grade B

1 (0.3%)

8 (3.2%)

4.760

0.605–38.872

0.138

4.760

0.594–38.130

0.142

3.135

0.376–27.187

0.291

  FitzGibbon grade O

19 (8.7%)

41 (17.5%)

1.283

0.747–2.228

0.366

1.173

0.679–2.024

0.567

0.983

0.536–1.824

0.956

 LITA graft failure

10 (3.6%)

18 (7.3%)

1.101

0.513–2.402

0.805

0.985

0.453–2.142

0.970

0.702

0.282–1.782

0.447

 RITA graft failure

13 (6.7%)

35 (14.9%)

1.582

0.829–3.019

0.156

1.333

0.702–2.533

0.380

1.269

0.637–2.567

0.498

  1. Data are expressed as numbers (%). Cumulative incidence of events was presented as Kaplan–Meier estimates
  2. HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, DM diabetes mellitus, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, NA not applicable, MACE major adverse cardiovascular event, ITA internal thoracic artery, LITA left internal thoracic artery, RITA right internal thoracic artery
  3. *Multivariable analysis was not performed for early clinical outcomes due to a small number of events
  4. †FitzGibbon grade A indicated that the graft was patent with ≤ 50% stenosis. FitzGibbon grade B indicated that the extent of graft stenosis was > 50% but not occluded. FitzGibbon grade O indicated total graft occlusion without contrast filling. Herein, graft failure was defined as FitzGibbon grade B or O