Polygenic scores for low lung function and the future risk of adverse health outcomes

Table 3 Health outcomes by quartiles of FVC-PGS and by 1-SD increase in FVC-PGS

Outcome	Model	Q1 (highest)	Q2	Q3	Q4 (lowest)	p-trend	HR per 1 SD increase
SCD events (n = 994)	Model 1	1.00 (ref)	1.04 (0.87–1.24)	0.98 (0.82–1.17)	1.06 (0.89–1.26)	0.696	0.97 (0.91–1.03)
SCD events (n = 994)	Model 2	1.00 (ref)	1.00 (0.84–1.19)	0.95 (0.79–1.14)	1.00 (0.84–1.19)	0.850	0.99 (0.93–1.06)
MACE (n = 4640)	Model 1	1.00 (ref)	1.07 (0.98–1.16)	1.09 (1.00-1.18)	1.13 (1.04–1.23)	0.003†	0.96 (0.93–0.99)**
MACE (n = 4640)	Model 2	1.00 (ref)	1.04 (0.96–1.13)	1.07 (0.98–1.16)	1.10 (1.01–1.19)	0.022	0.97 (0.94-1.00)
Diabetes events (n = 4613)§	Model 1	1.00 (ref)	1.13 (1.04–1.23)	1.20 (1.10–1.30)	1.28 (1.18–1.39)	< 0.001†	0.92 (0.90–0.95)***
Diabetes events (n = 4613)§	Model 2	1.00 (ref)	1.10 (1.01–1.20)	1.15 (1.06–1.25)	1.22 (1.12–1.32)	< 0.001†	0.94 (0.92–0.97)***
CKD events (n = 1775)	Model 1	1.00 (ref)	0.97 (0.85–1.11)	1.15 (1.01–1.31)	1.10 (0.96–1.25)	0.035	0.95 (0.90–0.99)*
CKD events (n = 1775)	Model 2	1.00 (ref)	0.92 (0.80–1.05)	1.10 (0.97–1.26)	1.01 (0.89–1.16)	0.298	0.97 (0.93–1.02)
All-cause mortality (n = 12,126)	Model 1	1.00 (ref)	1.02 (0.97–1.07)	1.02 (0.97–1.08)	1.02 (0.97–1.08)	0.377	0.99 (0.97–1.01)
All-cause mortality (n = 12,126)	Model 2	1.00 (ref)	0.98 (0.94–1.03)	1.00 (0.95–1.05)	0.99 (0.94–1.04)	0.736	1.00 (0.98–1.02)

Model 1: Unadjusted
Model 2: controlling for age, sex, height, weight, smoking, systolic BP, prevalent diabetes and principal components 1–5 of population structures
§ Diabetes outcome not adjusted for prevalent diabetes (no prevalent diabetic events included) and additionally adjusted for inhaled corticosteroid use
MACE: Major adverse Cardiovascular Events (includes coronary events, PCI and CABG)
Population for SCD outcome: 26,915, MACE outcome: 27,164, diabetes: 26,211, CKD: 27,436, Death: 27,438
P < 0.05 * P < 0.01 ** P < 0.001***.
† significant Bonferroni adjusted p-trend (< 0.01).

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