Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction according to diabetes mellitus status and its duration, from 2010 to 2019

Age (years), mean ± SD

72.7 ± 11.9

71.7 ± 9.6

< 0.0001

71.1 ± 10.5

70.3 ± 10.0

72.5 ± 9.0

< 0.0001

Age groups (years), n (%)

50–64

31,376 (28.72)

7424 (25.11)

< 0.0001

1803 (30.04)

2098 (31.42)

3523 (20.86)

< 0.0001

65–80

41,831 (38.29)

15,281 (51.68)

2723 (45.38)

3223 (48.27)

9335 (55.28)

> 80

36,040 (32.99)

6861 (23.21)

1475 (24.58)

1356 (20.31)

4030 (23.86)

Gender (female)

40,094 (36.70)

11,345 (38.37)

< 0.0001

1952 (32.53)

2311 (34.61)

7082 (41.94)

< 0.0001

AMI type

STEMI

52,753 (48.29)

9937 (33.61)

< 0.0001

2309 (38.48)

2494 (37.35)

5134 (30.40)

< 0.0001

NSTEMI

56,494 (51.71)

19,629 (66.39)

< 0.0001

3692 (61.52)

4183 (62.65)

11,754(69.60)

< 0.0001

History of comorbidities, n (%)

(in the previous 10 years)

Cerebrovascular disease

10,579 (9.68)

5501 (18.61)

< 0.0001

868 (14.46)

1028 (15.40)

3605 (21.35)

< 0.0001

Prior myocardial infarction

4935 (4.52)

4289 (14.51)

< 0.0001

969 (16.15)

871 (13.04)

2449 (14.50)

< 0.0001

Chronic ischemic heart disease

13,320 (12.19)

8307 (28.10)

< 0.0001

1370 (22.83)

1570 (23.65)

5358 (31.73)

< 0.0001

Prior PCI or CABG

9839 (9.01)

6371 (21.55)

< 0.0001

1208 (20.13)

1317 (19.72)

3846 (22.77)

< 0.0001

Chronic heart failure

1660 (1.52)

1206 (4.08)

< 0.0001

186 (3.10)

214 (3.21)

806 (4.77)

< 0.0001

Atrial fibrillation

7394 (6.77)

3075 (10.40)

< 0.0001

546 (9.10)

684 (10.24)

1845 (10.92)

0.0003

Peripheral vascular disease

4322 (3.96)

4746 (16.05)

< 0.0001

541 (9.02)

762 (11.41)

3443 (20.39)

< 0.0001

Lower limb complication

975 (0.89)

1601 (5.42)

< 0.0001

163 (2.72)

197 (2.95)

1241 (7.35)

< 0.0001

Renal disease

4581 (4.19)

3419 (11.56)

< 0.0001

417 (6.95)

519 (7.77)

2483 (14.70)

< 0.0001

COPD

6209 (5.68)

2505 (8.47)

< 0.0001

502 (8.37)

543 (8.13)

1460 (8.65)

0.4201

Cancer

16.468 (15.07)

5255 (17.77)

< 0.0001

1000 (16.66)

1193 (17.87)

3962 (18.13)

0.0374

Antihyperglicemic drugs

(12 months before index AMI hospitalization)

Insulin

0 (0.00)

10,795 (36.51)

< 0.0001

1052 (17.53)

1263 (18.92)

8480 (50.21)

< 0.0001

Other AHAs

0 (0.00)

29,392 (99.41)

< 0.0001

5998 (99.95)

6581 (98.56)

16,813 (99.56)

< 0.0001

Other medications of interest

(12 months before index AMI hospitalization)

ACE-I/ARBS

51,901 (47.51)

21,020 (71.10)

< 0.0001

3989 (66.47)

4541 (68.01)

12,490 (73.96)

< 0.0001

Beta blockers

31,605 (28.93)

14,365 (48.59)

< 0.0001

2774 (46.23)

3057 (45.78)

8534 (50.53)

< 0.0001

Diuretics

19,686 (17.93)

11,164 (37.75)

< 0.0001

1822 (30.36)

2118 (31.72)

7224 (42.78)

< 0.0001

Ca-antagonists

24,179 (22.13)

11,459 (38.76)

< 0.0001

1985 (33.08)

2298 (34.42)

7176 (42.49)

< 0.0001

Lipid lowering drugs

28,353 (25.95)

16,972 (57.40)

< 0.0001

3240 (53.99)

3561 (53.33)

10,171 (60.23)

< 0.0001

Antiplatelet drugs

33,288 (30.47)

17,071 (57.74)

< 0.0001

3034 (50.56)

3427 (51.33)

10,610 (62.83)

< 0.0001

Oral anticoagulant drugs

6570 (6.01)

2764 (9.35)

< 0.0001

526 (8.77)

607 (9.09)

1631 (9.66)

0.0890