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Table 2 Adjusted means of cardio-metabolic risk factors according to obesity and NAFLD status in women and mena

From: Non-obese NAFLD had no better cardio-metabolic risk profile than obese NAFLD in type 2 diabetic patients

 

Without NAFLD

NAFLD

 

Non-obese

Obese

Obese

Non-obese

Women

n = 412

n = 146

n = 246

n = 202

Systolic BP (mmHg)

132 (127, 137)

135 (130, 140)

135 (130, 140)

133 (128, 138)

Diastolic BP (mmHg)

77.5 (74.7, 80.4)

78.4 (75.2, 81.6)

80.8 (77.8, 83.9) *

78.9 (76.1, 81.8)

FPG (mmol/L)

8.81 (7.85, 9.78)

8.15 (7.06, 9.24)

9.21 (8.18, 10.25)

9.30 (8.36, 10.23)

HbA1c (%)

8.93 (8.37, 9.49)

8.47 (7.84, 9.10)

9.30 (8.71, 9.90) †

9.66 (9.10, 10.23) *†

TC (mg/dL)

161 (150, 173)

153 (140, 165)

168 (156, 180) †

174 (163, 186) *†

TG (mg/dL)

222 (178, 265)

197 (148, 246)

260 (213, 306) †

307 (263, 351) *†

LDL-C (mg/dL)

94.9 (85.9, 104)

87.4 (77.3, 97.5)

98.9 (89.3, 108) †

98.5 (89.4, 108) †

HDL-C (mg/dL)

45.0 (42.3, 47.8)

42.8 (39.7, 45.9)

41.4 (38.5, 44.4) *

40.9 (38.1, 43.7) *

Non-HDL-C (mg/dL)

117 (106, 128)

109 (96.7, 121)

127 (115, 138) †

133 (122, 144) *†

SAT (cm2)

173 (113, 233)

246 (178, 315) *

255 (194, 317) *

203 (139, 268) §

VAT (cm2)

58.7 (31.9, 85.4)

97.6 (67.5, 128) *

112 (83.8, 140) *

81.7 (53.4, 110) *§

VSR

0.31 (0.13, 0.48)

0.27 (0.07, 0.47)

0.40 (0.22, 0.58) *

0.36 (0.17, 0.58)

Men

n = 523

n = 292

n = 604

n = 282

Systolic BP (mmHg)

131 (129, 133)

131 (129, 134)

131 (129, 133)

130 (127, 132)

Diastolic BP (mmHg)

81.6 (80.1, 83.0)

82.6 (81.0, 84,1)

83.9 (82.6, 85.2)

83.5 (81.8, 85.1)

FPG (mmol/L)

8.33 (7.76, 8.90)

8.73 (8.07, 9.40)

9.38 (8.86, 9.91) *

8.68 (8.03, 9.34)

HbA1c (%)

9.47 (9.20, 9.75)

9.14 (8.84, 9.44)

9.35 (9.10, 9.59)

9.55 (9.24, 9.87)

TC (mg/dL)

160 (154, 165)

163 (157, 169)

175 (170, 180) *†

173 (167, 180) *

TG (mg/dL)

219 (187, 250)

256 (222, 291)

354 (325, 382) *†

335 (299, 372) *†

LDL-C (mg/dL)

96.8 (92.4, 101)

97.0 (93.2, 102)

97.0 (93.2, 101)

101 (96.1, 106)

HDL-C (mg/dL)

38.9 (37.8, 40.0)

37.8 (36.6, 39.0)

35.6 (34.6, 36.6) *†

35.4 (34.1, 36.7) *†

Non-HDL-C (mg/dL)

120 (115, 125)

125 (119, 130)

139 (135, 144) *†

137 (131, 143) *†

SAT (cm2)

133 (111, 155)

189 (167, 211) *

238 (219, 257) *†

155 (129, 181) §

VAT (cm2)

51.1 (39.1, 63.1)

97.5 (85.4, 110) *

122 (112, 132) *†

78.9 (65.7, 92.1) *§

VSR

0.30 (0.24, 0.37)

0.46 (0.39, 0.52) *

0.45 (0.40, 0.51) *

0.42 (0.34, 0.49) *

  1. BP, blood pressure; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; SAT, subcutaneous adipose tissue; VAT, visceral adipose tissue; VSR, visceral to subcutaneous adipose tissue ratio
  2. Data are presented as means (95% confidence intervals)
  3. a Data were adjusted for age, waist circumference (except for SAT, VAT, and VSR), smoking status, T2DM duration, anti-diabetic drugs, anti-hypertensive drugs, and lipid-lowering drugs
  4. * p < 0.05 compared with the group of non-obese without NAFLD;
  5. † p < 0.05 compared with the group of obesity without NAFLD;
  6. § p < 0.05 compared with the group of obesity with NAFLD.
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840