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Fig. 5 | Cardiovascular Diabetology

Fig. 5

From: Dapagliflozin reduces the vulnerability of rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension-induced right heart failure to ventricular arrhythmia by restoring calcium handling

Fig. 5

Assessment of CaT alternans and SCaEs. a Representative image of signals at progressively greater frequencies with and without the record of the alternans. The results from one cell in each group are shown in a column. CaT alternans is defined as 4 or more consecutive CaTs with more than a 5% change in amplitude. b Recording of SCaEs by 4 s at 5-Hz pacing and post-pacing under each condition from a single RVCM for the 4 groups of rats. c Threshold for cellular CaT alternans. d Calculation of the number of SCaEs per cell. Each point represents the result from a single RVCM. RVCM right ventricular cardiomyocyte, CaT Ca2+ transient, SCaEs spontaneous calcium events, PF pacing frequency. n/N = 15/5 = cells/rats per group. One-way ANOVA or the nonparametric Wilcoxon signed-rank test. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001

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