Table 3 Risk of cardiovascular and metabolic morbidity according to preceding gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)
| Â | GDM | No GDM | HR (95% CI)a | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N events | Risk timeb | IR (95% CI) | N events | Risk timeb | IR (95% CI) | Crude | Adjustedc | |
Any CVMM | 4202 | 152,321 | 27.59 (26.76–28.43) | 92,318 | 7,170,185 | 12.88 (12.79–12.96) | 2.17 (2.10–2.23) | 2.13 (2.07–2.20) |
Major CVD | 562 | 183,312 | 3.07 (2.82–3.33) | 12,208 | 7,839,093 | 1.56 (1.53–1.59) | 1.97 (1.81–2.14) | 1.69 (1.55–1.84) |
 Ischemic heart disease | 319 | 184,764 | 1.73 (1.55–1.93) | 6174 | 7,879,454 | 0.78 (0.76–0.80) | 2.20 (1.96–2.46) | 1.79 (1.60–2.01) |
 Heart failure | 59 | 186,765 | 0.32 (0.24–0.41) | 918 | 7,914,654 | 0.12 (0.11–0.12) | 2.77 (2.13–3.60) | 2.26 (1.73–2.95) |
 Stroke/TCI | 231 | 185,690 | 1.24 (1.09–1.42) | 5777 | 7,881,218 | 0.73 (0.71–0.75) | 1.70 (1.49–1.93) | 1.53 (1.34–1.74) |
Hypertension | 2866 | 167,369 | 17.12 (16.51–17.76) | 70,030 | 7,530,085 | 9.30 (9.23–9.37) | 1.84 (1.77–1.91) | 1.89 (1.82–1.96) |
Venous thrombosis | 235 | 185,138 | 1.27 (1.12–1.44) | 7077 | 7,866,033 | 0.90 (0.88–0.92) | 1.40 (1.23–1.60) | 1.32 (1.16–1.50) |
Dyslipidemia | 2185 | 172,507 | 12.67 (12.15–13.21) | 19,930 | 7,802,375 | 2.55 (2.52–2.59) | 5.20 (4.97–5.43) | 4.48 (4.28–4.69) |