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Table 1 Baseline characteristics overall and stratified by previous CVD

From: Circulating metabolites and molecular lipid species are associated with future cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in type 1 diabetes

 

All

(n = 669)

Previous CVD

(n = 143)

No previous CVD

(n = 526)

P-value

Female, n (%)

299 (45)

60 (42)

239 (45)

0.46

Age, years

55 ± 13

61 ± 9

53 ± 13

 < 0.01

Diabetes duration, years

35 [24–44]

42 [34–49]

33 [19–42]

 < 0.01

BMI, kg/m2

26 ± 6

25 ± 4

25 ± 6

0.97

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

132 ± 18

135 ± 20

131 ± 17

0.01

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

74 ± 9

71 ± 9

75 ± 9

 < 0.01

Mean arterial pressure (mmHg)

93 ± 10

92 ± 11

94 ± 10

0.15

HbA1c, % (mmol/mol)

8.0 ± 1.2 (64 ± 13)

8.2 ± 1.2 (67 ± 13)

8.0 ± 1.2 (64 ± 13)

0.02

Total cholesterol, mmol/l

4.7 ± 0.9

4.6 ± 0.9

4.7 ± 0.9

0.47

LDL cholesterol, mmol/l

2.5 ± 0.8

2.3 ± 0.7

2.5 ± 0.8

0.01

HDL cholesterol, mmol/l

1.7 ± 0.5

1.7 ± 0.5

1.7 ± 0.5

0.93

Triglycerides, mmol/l

1.0 [0.7–1.3]

1.0 [0.8–1.6]

0.9 [0.7–1.3]

 < 0.01

eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2

81 ± 26

67 ± 25

85 ± 24

 < 0.01

UAER, mg/24-h

18 [8–64]

34 [11–124]

15 [8–52]

 < 0.01

Smokers, n (%)

139 (21)

27 (19)

112 (21)

0.53

Antihypertensives, n (%)

481 (72)

135 (94)

346 (66)

 < 0.01

Statins, n, %

401 (60)

120 (84)

281 (54)

 < 0.01

Aspirin or Clopidogrel n (%)

352 (53)

125 (88)

227 (64)

 < 0.01

Follow-up

Any CVE*, n (%)

95 (14)

55 (38)

40 (8)

 < 0.01

CV mortality, n (%)

11 (2)

8 (6)

3 (1)

 < 0.01

Coronary artery disease, n (%)

45 (7)

27 (19)

18 (3)

 < 0.01

Non-fatal stroke, n (%)

23 (3)

12 (8)

11 (2)

 < 0.01

Peripheral arterial interventions, n (%)

35 (5)

21 (15)

14 (3)

 < 0.01

  1. Data are n (%, rounded), mean ± SD or median [IQR]. HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, UAER urinary albumin excretion rate. *Any CVE consisted of CV mortality, non-fatal stroke, coronary artery disease and peripheral arterial interventions. Coronary artery disease includes non-fatal myocardial infarction and coronary revascularization. P for difference between participants with or without previous CVD were calculated using un-paired t-test for continuous variables and the χ2-test for categorical variables