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Fig. 3 | Cardiovascular Diabetology

Fig. 3

From: Landscape of cardiometabolic risk factors in Chinese population: a narrative review

Fig. 3

An interactive network of cardiometabolic risk factors. Cardiometabolic risk factors include health conditions, biomarkers, and environmental factors. The heath conditions, including overweight or obesity, abdominal obesity, impaired glucose metabolism, dyslipidemia, and hypertension, frequently cluster in individuals at risk for CVDs and may contribute to each other. Underlying this phenomenon is a close link between different organs and tissues. At the molecular level, these health conditions are usually accompanied by an increase in biomarkers such as cytokines, C-reactive protein, adipokines, uric acid, and homocysteine in the blood stream; the increase in these biomarkers represent a proinflammatory state and oxidative stress, which contribute to atherosclerosis and development of CVDs. CVD, cardiovascular disease; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein

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