Table 1 Baseline characteristics of PARAGON-HF participants with diabetes by randomization
|  | Valsartan, n = 1184 | Sacubitril/valsartan, n = 1211 | P |
|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | |||
 Age, years | 72.0 ± 8.3 | 72.1 ± 8.3 | 0.61 |
 Female, n (%) | 588 (49.7%) | 593 (49.0%) | 0.73 |
Race/ethnicity, n (%) | 0.63 | ||
 Asian | 153 (12.9%) | 165 (13.6%) |  |
 Black or African American | 34 (2.9%) | 27 (2.2%) |  |
 Other | 42 (3.5%) | 50 (4.1%) |  |
 White | 955 (80.7%) | 969 (80.0%) |  |
Enrollment region, n (%) | 0.84 | ||
 Asia/Pacific | 192 (16.2%) | 209 (17.3%) |  |
 Central Europe | 444 (37.5%) | 444 (36.7%) |  |
 Latin America | 75 (6.3%) | 83 (6.9%) |  |
 North America | 146 (12.3%) | 158 (13.0%) |  |
 Western Europe | 327 (27.6%) | 317 (26.2%) |  |
Comorbidities, n (%) | |||
 Prior MI | 306 (25.8%) | 333 (27.5%) | 0.36 |
 Ischemic etiology | 476 (40.2%) | 507 (41.9%) | 0.40 |
 Atrial fibrillation | 369 (31.4%) | 401 (33.1%) | 0.36 |
 Prior HF hospitalization | 631 (53.3%) | 622 (51.4%) | 0.34 |
 Hypertension | 1145 (96.7%) | 1170 (96.6%) | 0.90 |
 Stroke | 120 (10.2%) | 152 (12.6%) | 0.06 |
 Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) | 686 (57.9%) | 679 (56.1%) | 0.36 |
 CKD (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2) | 614 (51.9%) | 593 (49.0%) | 0.16 |
NYHA functional class, n (%) | 0.51 | ||
 1 | 42 (3.5%) | 37 (3.1%) |  |
 2 | 890 (75.2%) | 910 (75.2%) |  |
 3 | 245 (20.7%) | 260 (21.5%) |  |
 4 | 7 (0.6%) | 3 (0.2%) |  |
LVEF (percent) | 57.2 ± 8.0 | 57.2 ± 7.8 | 0.98 |
SBP, mmHg | 131 ± 15 | 132 ± 16 | 0.45 |
DBP, mmHg | 74 ± 10 | 74 ± 11 | 0.79 |
Heart rate, bpm | 71 ± 12 | 72 ± 12 | 0.07 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 31.2 ± 4.9 | 30.9 ± 4.9 | 0.16 |
eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 | 62 ± 20 | 63 ± 19 | 0.29 |
HbA1c, percent | 7.32 ± 1.43 | 7.37 ± 1.48 | 0.44 |
NT-proBNP, pg/ml | 578 [281–1125] | 564 [282–1142] | 0.66 |
Medications, n (%) | |||
 Beta blockers | 969 (81.8%) | 998 (82.4%) | 0.72 |
 Diuretics | 1138 (96.1%) | 1159 (95.7%) | 0.61 |
 MRA | 316 (26.7%) | 308 (25.4%) | 0.48 |
 Insulin | 319 (26.9%) | 338 (27.9%) | 0.60 |
 GLP-1 receptor agonists | 10 (0.8%) | 10 (0.8%) | 0.96 |
 Oral glucose lowering | |||
  Metformin | 563 (47.6%) | 572 (47.2%) | 0.88 |
  Sulfonylurea | 250 (21.1%) | 230 (19.0%) | 0.19 |
  SGLT-2 inhibitors | 14 (1.2%) | 14 (1.2%) | 0.95 |
  DPP-4 inhibitors | 150 (12.7%) | 148 (12.2%) | 0.74 |
  Alpha glucosidase inhibitors | 40 (3.4%) | 50 (4.1%) | 0.33 |
  Thiazolidinediones | 14 (1.2%) | 8 (0.7%) | 0.18 |
  Others (glinides) | 25 (2.1%) | 31 (2.6%) | 0.47 |