Progressive right ventricular dysfunction and exercise impairment in patients with heart failure and diabetes mellitus: insights from the T.O.S.CA. Registry

Table 2 Echocardiographic characteristics of the whole CHF population classified as Euglycemic, IR, and DM

Characteristics	Study cohort	Euglycemic (n = 172)	IR (n = 188)	T2D (n = 120)	ANOVA F-value	p-value
IVSd (mm)	10.6 ± 2	10 ± 2	10 ± 2	11 ± 2*^§	6.1	< 0.05
LVEDd (mm)	62.7 ± 8.4	63.2 ± 8.4	62.9 ± 8.8	62.0 ± 8.0	0.4	0.6
PWd (mm)	9.6 ± 1.5	9.5 ± 1.5	9.6 ± 1.5	9.8 ± 1.6	1.3	0.3
LVEDVi (ml/m²)	97.8 ± 38.2	99.1 ± 33.6	100 ± 43.2	93.2 ± 36.4	1.1	0.3
RWT (IVSd + PWd)/LVEDd	0.33 ± 0.1	0.32 ± 0.1	0.32 ± 0.1	0.34 ± 0.1^§*	4.7	< 0.05
LVMi	145 ± 44	139 ± 29	146 ± 37	150 ± 85	1.4	0.3
LAVi (ml/m²)	42.7 ± 21.3	38.3 ± 17.2	43.0 ± 19.0	48.0 ± 26.4*	5.8	< 0.01
E velocity (cm/sec)	73.2 ± 26.0	73.3 ± 26.2	69.9 ± 22.0	77.5 ± 30.0^§	2.1	0.12
E/e′	14 ± 8	12 ± 6	14 ± 8*	16 ± 9^§*	6.1	< 0.01
PASP (mmHg)	37 ± 14.5	38 ± 15	35 ± 15	39 ± 15	2.4	0.1
TAPSE	18.7 ± 4.6	19.1 ± 4.7	18.7 ± 4.6	18.2 ± 4.5	1.4	0.2
TAPSE/PASP	0.6 ± 4.6	0.6 ± 0.3	0.6 ± 0.3	0.52 ± 0.2^§*	3.2	< 0.05
Moderate/severe tricuspid regurgitation (n; %)	112; 23	36; 21	41; 22	35; 29	4.2	< 0.1
RVDd (mm)	36.3 ± 9.5	37.3 ± 7.6	36.5 ± 11.2	34.9 ± 9.0	0.8	0.4
RVFAC (%)	55 ± 12	56.5 ± 10.7	55.9 ± 11.6	53.5 ± 13,5	1.6	0.5
RADVi (ml/m²)	30 ± 16	26 ± 13	30 ± 14	34 ± 19*	4.0	< 0.05

IVSd, Inter Ventricular Septum Diastole; LVEDd, Left Ventricular End Diastolic Diameter; PWd, Posterior Wall Diastole; LVEDVi, LVEDV/BSA (Left Ventricular End Diastolic Volume/BSA); RWT, Relative Wall Thickness; LVMi, LVM/BSA (Left Ventricular Mass/BSA); LAVi, LAV/BSA (Left Atrial Volume/BSA); E Velocity; PAPS, Pulmonary Artery Systolic Pressure; TAPSE, Tricuspid Annular Plane Systolic Excursion; RVDd, Right Ventricular Diastolic Diameter; RVFAC, Right ventricular fractional area change; RADVi, RADV/BSA (Right Atrial Diastolic Volume/BSA)
^*p < 0.05 respect Euglycemic
^§p < 0.05 respect IR

ISSN: 1475-2840