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Table 2 Effects of SGLT-2 on change from baseline HbA1c (%), FPG (mmol/L), body weight (kg) and SBP (mmHg) in patients with T2DM, changes from baseline results of randomized controlled trials

From: The current role of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes mellitus management

Studya

Patients

Drugs

Number

FPG

HbA1c

Weight loss

SBP

CANTATA-SU [99]

T2DM patients with 7.0–9.5% HbA1c

Canagliflozin 100 mg

483

− 1.35

− 0.82

− 3.7

− 3.3

Canagliflozin 300 mg

485

− 1.52

− 0.93

− 4.0

− 4.6

Glimepiride

482

− 1.02

− 0.81

0.7

0.2

Lavalle-González et al. [100]

Patients with T2DM had inadequate glycaemic control

Sitagliptin

366

− 1.0

− 0.73

− 1.3

− 0.7

Canagliflozin 100 mg

368

− 1.5

− 0.73

− 3.8

− 3.5

Canagliflozin 300 mg

367

− 2.0

− 0.88

− 4.2

− 4.7

Placebo/sitagliptin

183

 

− 0.17c

− 1.2c

 

Bruce Bode [101]

Patients with 7.0% ≤ HbA1c ≤ 10.0%

Placebo

237

0.4

− 0.03

− 0.1

1.1

Canagliflozin 100 mg

241

− 1.0

− 0.60

− 2.2

− 3.5

Canagliflozin 300 mg

236

− 1.1

− 0.73

− 2.8

− 6.8

Michael Roden et al. [108]

Adults had no treatment in the previous 12 weeks

Placebo

228

0.65

0.08

− 0.33

− 0.3

Empagliflozin 10 mg

224

− 1.08

− 0.66

− 2.26

− 2.9

Empagliflozin 25 mg

224

− 1.36

− 0.78

− 2.48

− 3.7

Sitagliptin

223

− 0.38

− 0.66

0.18

0.5

Ferrannini [110]

Patients with T2DM

Empagliflozin 10 mg

80

− 30b

− 0.34

− 2.2

0.1

Empagliflozin 25 mg

88

− 28b

− 0.47

− 2.6

− 1.7

Metformin

56

− 26b

− 0.56

− 1.3

2.0

Duration-8 [121]

Patients with T2DM inadequately controlled by metformin

Exenatide plus dapagliflozin

228

− 3.66

− 2.0

− 3.55

− 4.3

Exenatide

227

− 2.54

− 1.6

− 1.56

− 1.2

Dapagliflozin

230

− 2.73

− 1.4

− 2.22

− 1.8

Weber et al. [89]

Patients with inadequately controlled T2DM and hypertension

Placebo

224

0.2

− 0.02

− 0.59

− 7.62

Dapagliflozin

225

− 1.0

− 0.63

− 1.44

− 11.90

VERTIS Asia [123]

Patients with T2DM inadequately controlled on metformin

Placebo

167

− 6.7b

− 0.2

− 1.2

0.2

Ertugliflozin 5 mg

170

− 37.1b

− 1.0

− 3.0

− 5.1

Ertugliflozin 15 mg

169

− 34.5b

− 0.9

− 3.2

− 3.9

VERTIS MET [126]

Adults with T2DM inadequately controlled on metformin

Placebo/glimepiride

209

− 0.6

− 0.6

− 0.18

0.05

Ertugliflozin 5 mg

207

− 1.0

− 0.6

− 3.77

− 3.61

Ertugliflozin 15 mg

205

− 1.6

− 0.9

− 3.63

− 3.13

VERTIS FACTORIAL [127]

Patients with HbA1c ≥ 7.5% and ≤ 11.0%

Ertugliflozin 5 mg

250

− 28.7

− 1.0

− 2.4

− 2.7

Ertugliflozin 15 mg

248

− 30.8

− 0.9

− 3.2

− 1.6

Sitagliptin

247

− 15.2

− 0.8

− 0.1

− 0.2

Ertugliflozin 5 mg/sitagliptin

243

− 39.3

− 1.4

− 2.4

− 2.3

Ertugliflozin 15 mg/sitagliptin

244

− 41.8

− 1.4

− 2.8

− 2.2

  1. FPG fasting plasma glucose, SBP systolic blood pressure, T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus, HbA1c glycated haemoglobin
  2. aOutcome data for all trials correspond to data at the longest dosing time in each trial
  3. bThe unit here is mg/dL
  4. cWeek 26 results here