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Table 2 Hazard ratios of mortality for sleep duration in patients with type 2 diabetes (n = 12,526)

From: Sleep duration predicts subsequent long-term mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes: a large single-center cohort study

Sleep duration (h/day)

n

case

Person-years

Incidence rate†

Multivariate model 1

Multivariate model 2

Multivariate model 3

HR (95% CI)

p value

HR (95% CI)

p value

HR (95% CI)

p value

All-cause mortality

          

≤ 4

205

55

2232.16

24.64

1.54 (1.17, 2.03)

0.002

1.42 (1.08, 1.88)

0.01

1.41 (1.06, 1.86)

0.02

5–6

2009

421

22,717.92

18.53

1.07 (0.94, 1.21)

0.30

1.07 (0.95, 1.21)

0.29

1.06 (0.94, 1.20)

0.35

7

3276

608

36,629.43

16.60

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

8

3673

750

39,990.38

18.75

1.15 (1.03, 1.28)

0.01

1.14 (1.02, 1.26)

0.02

1.10 (0.99, 1.23)

0.07

9–10

2910

879

29,810.22

29.49

1.59 (1.43, 1.76)

 < 0.001

1.48 (1.33, 1.64)

 < 0.001

1.37 (1.23, 1.52)

 < 0.001

> 10

453

205

4155.32

49.33

2.29 (1.95, 2.68)

 < 0.001

2.03 (1.73, 2.38)

 < 0.001

1.82 (1.54, 2.14)

 < 0.001

Expanded CVD mortality

         

 ≤ 4

205

29

2232.16

12.99

1.78 (1.21, 2.61)

0.003

1.65 (1.12, 2.42)

0.01

1.54 (1.04, 2.28)

0.03

5–6

2009

185

22,717.92

8.14

1.04 (0.86, 1.25)

0.71

1.04 (0.86, 1.25)

0.71

1.02 (0.85, 1.23)

0.84

7

3276

273

36,629.43

7.45

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

8

3673

319

39,990.38

7.97

1.10 (0.93, 1.29)

0.27

1.09 (0.93, 1.28)

0.31

1.04 (0.89, 1.23)

0.61

9–10

2910

418

29,810.22

14.02

1.69 (1.45, 1.97)

 < 0.001

1.56 (1.33, 1.82)

 < 0.001

1.34 (1.15, 1.57)

 < 0.001

 > 10

453

104

4155.32

25.03

2.61 (2.07, 3.28)

 < 0.001

2.29 (1.82, 2.88)

 < 0.001

1.88 (1.49, 2.37)

 < 0.001

Non-expanded CVD mortality

         

≤ 4

205

26

2232.16

11.65

1.34 (0.90, 2.00)

0.15

1.24 (0.83, 1.85)

0.30

1.29 (0.86, 1.92)

0.22

5–6

2009

236

22,717.92

10.39

1.10 (0.93, 1.29)

0.29

1.10 (0.93, 1.30)

0.27

1.10 (0.93, 1.30)

0.27

7

3276

335

36,629.43

9.15

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

8

3673

431

39,990.38

10.78

1.19 (1.03, 1.38)

0.02

1.18 (1.02, 1.36)

0.03

1.16 (1.01, 1.34)

0.04

9–10

2910

461

29,810.22

15.46

1.51 (1.31, 1.74)

 < 0.001

1.42 (1.23, 1.63)

 < 0.001

1.39 (1.20, 1.60)

 < 0.001

> 10

453

101

4155.32

24.31

2.03 (1.62, 2.54)

 < 0.001

1.82 (1.45, 2.28)

 < 0.001

1.77 (1.41, 2.23)

 < 0.001

  1. †Number of incident cases/person-years*1000
  2. Multivariate model 1 adjusted for age and sex
  3. Multivariate model 2 additionally adjusted for smoking, alcohol drinking, exercising, body mass index, duration of diabetes, age at diabetes diagnosis, and types of diabetes treatment in the first multivariate model
  4. Multivariate model 3 additionally adjusted for complications, medication use and biomarkers in addition to the variables in the second multivariate model
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840