Table 2 Characteristics of participants at baseline by the incidence of all-cause death during follow-up
| Â | All-cause death | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
No | Yes | ||
N | 865 | 304 | Â |
Cohort membership, n (%) |  |  |  < 0.0001 |
SURGENE | 275 (32) | 62 (20) | Â |
GENEDIAB | 212 (25) | 164 (54) | Â |
GENESIS | 378 (44) | 78 (26) | Â |
Male sex, n (%) | 452 (52) | 191 (63) | 0.001 |
Age (years) | 37 ± 11 | 49 ± 13 |  < 0.0001 |
Age of diabetes onset (years) | 14 (10, 22) | 17 (12, 27) |  < 0.0001 |
Duration of diabetes (years) | 21 ± 11 | 30 ± 10 |  < 0.0001 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24 ± 3 | 24 ± 4 | 0.36 |
Tobacco smoking, n (%) |  |  |  < 0.0001 |
Former smokers | 69 (8) | 50 (16) | Â |
Current smokers | 165 (19) | 76 (25) | Â |
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 129 ± 18 | 141 ± 19 |  < 0.0001 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 75 ± 11 | 79 ± 11 |  < 0.0001 |
HbA1c (%) | 8.8 ± 1.8 | 8.8 ± 1.9 | 0.52 |
HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 72 ± 20 | 73 ± 21 |  |
Total cholesterol (mmol/l)a | 5.5 ± 1.4 | 5.9 ± 1.5 | 0.0003 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 92 ± 27 | 70 ± 31 |  < 0.0001 |
Urinary albumin concentration (mg/l) | 11 (5, 51) | 45 (8, 552) |  < 0.0001 |
Diabetic kidney disease, n (%) | 299 (35) | 185 (61) |  < 0.0001 |
Diabetic retinopathy stages, n (%) |  |  |  < 0.0001 |
Non-proliferative | 242 (28) | 34 (11) | Â |
Pre-proliferative | 123 (14) | 59 (19) | Â |
Proliferative | 307 (35) | 196 (64) | Â |
Peripheral diabetic neuropathy, n (%) | 246 (28) | 166 (55) |  < 0.0001 |
Peripheral artery disease, n (%) | 16 (3) | 55 (23) |  < 0.0001 |
Antihypertensive drugs, n (%) | 283 (33) | 186 (62) |  < 0.0001 |
Lipid-lowering drugs, n (%) | 37 (4) | 32 (10) |  < 0.0001 |