Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the participants after propensity score matching
Low-intensity group (n = 383) | Matched control (1:1–27) | P-value‡ | |
|---|---|---|---|
Moderate- or high-intensity group | |||
(n = 8554) | |||
Age (years)* | 62.7 (9) | 63 (9) | 0.744 |
Male sex† | 236 (62) | 5075 (59) | 0.631 |
SES† | 0.280 | ||
Low | 66 (17) | 1664 (20) | |
Moderate | 107 (28) | 2548 (30) | |
High | 210 (55) | 4342 (51) | |
Co-morbidities† | |||
Heart failure | 10 (3) | 219 (3) | 0.956 |
IHD | 19 (5) | 468 (6) | 0.896 |
IS | 26 (7) | 595 (7) | 0.898 |
Current smoker† | 75 (20) | 1643 (19) | 0.866 |
Current drinker† | 153 (40) | 3265 (38) | 0.683 |
Regular exercise† | 202 (53) | 4637 (54) | 0.623 |
Duration of diabetes (months)* | 97.67 (46) | 100.31 (45) | 0.642 |
BMI (kg/m2)* | 24.7 (3) | 24.8 (3) | 0.642 |
FBS (mmol/L)* | 7.7 (2.7) | 7.7 (2.6) | 0.769 |
SBP (mmHg)* | 129.7 (16) | 129.8 (16) | 0.927 |
Creatinine(umol/L)* | 94.61 (88.4) | 91.96 (88.4) | 0.646 |
Anti-thrombotic agents† | 165 (43) | 3700 (43) | 0.964 |
Anti-hypertensives agents† | |||
RAS inhibitor | 196 (51) | 4317 (51) | 0.793 |
Calcium channel blocker | 174 (45) | 4014 (47) | 0.732 |
β-blocker | 119 (31) | 2595 (30) | 0.759 |
α-blocker | 77 (20) | 1645 (19) | 0.740 |
Vasodilator | 6 (2) | 81 (1) | 0.303 |
Diuretic | 152 (40) | 3508 (41) | 0.795 |
Anti-diabetic agents† | |||
Metformin | 347 (91) | 7504 (88) | 0.091 |
Sulfonylurea | 266 (70) | 6061 (71) | 0.710 |
Thiazolidinedione | 69 (18) | 1415 (17) | 0.428 |
DPP4-inhibitor | 86 (23) | 1674 (20) | 0.181 |
Insulin | 113 (30) | 2354 (28) | 0.376 |
Glinide | 27 (7) | 646 (8) | 0.719 |
α-Glucosidase inhibitor | 111 (29) | 2324 (27) | 0.391 |
LDL-C(mmol/L)† | 0.169 | ||
< 2.6 | 86 (23) | 1766 (21) | |
2.6–3.3 | 140 (37) | 2862 (34) | |
≥ 3.4 | 157 (41) | 3926 (46) |