Effects of treatment with SGLT-2 inhibitors on arginine-related cardiovascular and renal biomarkers

Table 3 Renal clearance of biomarkers after empagliflozin/dapagliflozin treatment

	At baseline	After placebo		After verum
	At baseline		p-value [adj. p-value] vs. baseline (n)		p-value [adj. p-value] vs. baseline (n)	p-value [adj. p-value] vs. placebo (n)
Empagliflozin
Homoarginine	1.147 ± 1.243	1.058 ± 0.920	0.922 [0.965] (68)	1.057 ± 0.955	0.564 [0.705] (70)	0.224 [0.388] (69)
Arginine	0.303 ± 0.232	0.272 ± 0.198	0.148 [0.290] (68)	0.292 ± 0.186	0.998 [0.998] (69)	0.174 [0.326] (70)
ADMA	84.07 ± 26.00	85.74 ± 28.17	0.786 [0.863] (70)	71.01 ± 25.09	< 0.001 [0.001] (71)	0.001 [0.005] (70)
SDMA	81.51 ± 25.14	81.73 ± 24.18	0.956 [0.978] (70)	74.08 ± 25.09	0.004 [0.015] (71)	0.012 [0.039] (70)
Creatinine	116.83 ± 37.52	113.75 ± 33.31	0.129 [0.264] (70)	101.16 ± 31.23	< 0.001 [< 0.001] (71)	0.002 [0.008] (70)
Dapagliflozin
Homoarginine	1.092 ± 1.708	1.167 ± 1.547	0.636 [0.774] (57)	1.077 ± 0.765	0.023 [0.090] (57)	0.431 [0.604] (55)
Arginine	0.258 ± 0.175	0.306 ± 0.222	0.029 [0.093] (57)	0.320 ± 0.206	0.016 [0.090] (58)	0.396 [0.604] (56)
ADMA	75.24 ± 25.75	86.12 ± 33.67	0.009 [0.058] (57)	79.04 ± 32.34	0.498 [0.659] (58)	0.101 [0.216] (56)
SDMA	83.09 ± 31.11	90.68 ± 32.49	0.049 [0.138] (57)	79.89 ± 31.21	0.432 [0.604] (58)	0.019 [0.090] (56)
Creatinine	114.03 ± 41.05	119.36 ± 41.44	0.319 [0.552] (57)	106.38 ± 40.49	0.097 [0.216] (58)	0.024 [0.090] (56)

Data are given in mL/min as mean ± SD, calculated as (c_urine * V_urine) / (c_plasma * 1440 min); p-values calculated by Wilcoxon signed-rank test, adj. p-values computed based on the procedure of Benjamini and Hochberg; p-values refer to the absolute changes in biomarker Cl_R

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