Effects of treatment with SGLT-2 inhibitors on arginine-related cardiovascular and renal biomarkers

Table 2 Amount excreted in urine over 24 h of biomarkers after empagliflozin/dapagliflozin treatment

	At baseline	After placebo		After verum
			p-value [adj. p-value] vs. baseline (n)		p-value [adj. p-value] vs. baseline (n)	p-value [adj. p-value] vs. placebo (n)
Empagliflozin
Homoarginine	2.66 ± 3.03	2.45 ± 2.46	0.562 [0.705] (68)	2.11 ± 2.03	0.265 [0.441] (70)	0.085 [0.213] (69)
Arginine	28.39 ± 16.82	26.82 ± 18.37	0.422 [0.613] (68)	26.87 ± 15.59	0.781 [0.863] (69)	0.654 [0.795] (70)
ADMA	52.01 ± 15.30	51.64 ± 14.59	0.280 [0.450] (70)	44.11 ± 14.89	< 0.001 [< 0.001] (71)	< 0.001 [0.001] (70)
SDMA	42.63 ± 12.32	40.80 ± 11.00	0.102 [0.242] (70)	41.07 ± 12.65	0.114 [0.257] (71)	0.759 [0.863] (70)
Creatinine	10.95 ± 3.93	10.57 ± 3.13	0.207 [0.373] (70)	9.62 ± 3.09	< 0.001 [0.001] (71)	0.016 [0.048] (70)
Dapagliflozin
Homoarginine	2.64 ± 5.21	2.58 ± 3.66	0.734 [0.831] (59)	2.07 ± 1.58	0.443 [0.604] (57)	0.984 [0.984] (57)
Arginine	25.67 ± 17.27	30.55 ± 20.44	0.007 [0.053] (59)	32.32 ± 23.70	0.006 [0.053] (58)	0.441 [0.604] (58)
ADMA	47.77 ± 15.51	50.94 ± 16.97	0.174 [0.313] (59)	47.76 ± 17.90	0.923 [0.966] (58)	0.160 [0.313] (58)
SDMA	42.12 ± 12.13	44.85 ± 15.03	0.521 [0.670] (59)	41.87 ± 13.07	0.801 [0.879] (58)	0.172 [0.313] (58)
Creatinine	10.63 ± 3.96	11.15 ± 5.32	0.419 [0.604] (59)	10.22 ± 3.70	0.167 [0.313] (58)	0.069 [0.163] (58)

Data are given in µmol for hArg, Arg, ADMA, and SDMA, for creatinine in mmol, all as mean ± SD; p-values calculated by Wilcoxon signed-rank test, adj. p-values computed based on the procedure of Benjamini and Hochberg¸ p-values refer to the absolute changes in biomarker amount

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