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Table 4 Hazard ratios for the primary outcome and death from any Cause in prespecified Subgroups

From: Atherogenic index of plasma is associated with major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Outcome Low AIP High AIP HRa 95% CI P P for interactionb
Events/n % Events/n %
MACEs
 Sex 0.024
  Male 389/2207 17.63 874/4092 21.36 1.230 1.091–1.386 0.001  
  Female 204/1832 11.14 359/2120 16.93 1.566 1.318–1.859  < 0.001  
 Age 0.912
  < 65 298/2416 12.33 690/4073 16.94 1.426 1.245–1.634  < 0.001  
  ≥ 65 295/1623 18.18 543/2139 25.39 1.410 1.224–1.625  < 0.001  
 Race/ethnicity 0.557
  White 336/1987 16.91 929/4406 21.08 1.286 1.135–1.457  < 0.001  
  Non-white 257/2052 12.52 304/1806 16.83 1.368 1.159–1.615  < 0.001  
 CVD history 0.254
  Yes 300/1260 23.81 669/2349 28.48 1.241 1.083–1.422 0.002  
  No 293/2779 10.54 564/3863 14.60 1.391 1.208–1.602  < 0.001  
 Glycemia arm 0.716
  Standard 301/2021 14.89 629/3102 20.28 1.408 1.227–1.615  < 0.001  
  Intensive 292/2018 14.47 604/3110 19.42 1.358 1.181–1.562  < 0.001  
 Trail 0.131
  BP 311/2295 13.55 468/2438 19.20 1.473 1.277–1.700  < 0.001  
  Lipid 282/1744 16.17 765/3774 20.27 1.263 1.102–1.448 0.001  
 HbA1c 0.072
  < 8.0 243/1971 12.33 548/2898 18.91 1.553 1.335–1.806  < 0.001  
  ≥ 8.0 350/2068 16.92 685/3314 2067 1.260 1.108–1.433  < 0.001  
 Depression 0.257
  Yes 122/802 15.21 363/1619 22.42 1.519 1.238–1.865  < 0.001  
  No 470/3235 14.53 870/4593 18.94 1.325 1.184–1.482  < 0.001  
Nonfatal myocardial infarction
 Sex 0.064
  Male 190/2207 8.61 457/4092 11.17 1.318 1.112–1.561 0.001  
  Female 97/1832 5.29 192/2120 9.06 1.747 1.369–2.230  < 0.001  
 Age 0.761
  < 65 146/2416 6.04 373/4073 9.16 1.566 1.293–1.896  < 0.001  
  ≥ 65 141/1623 8.69 276/2139 12.90 1.498 1.223–1.835  < 0.001  
 Race/ethnicity 0.648
  White 170/1987 8.56 501/4406 11.37 1.362 1.144–1.621  < 0.001  
  Non-white 117/2052 5.7 148/1806 8.19 1.462 1.147–1.864 0.002  
 CVD history 0.158
  Yes 152/1260 12.06 356/2349 15.16 1.287 1.064–1.555 0.009  
  No 135/2779 4.86 293/3863 7.58 1.572 1.282–1.928  < 0.001  
 Glycemia arm 0.891
  Standard 151/2021 7.47 341/3102 10.99 1.513 1.249–1.832  < 0.001  
  Intensive 136/2018 6.74 308/3110 9.90 1.485 1.214–1.817  < 0.001  
 Trail 0.025
  BP 143/2295 6.23 257/2438 10.54 1.747 1.424–2.144  < 0.001  
  Lipid 144/1744 8.26 392/3774 10.39 1.266 1.046–1.532 0.016  
 HbA1c 0.600
  < 8.0 112/1779 6.30 255/2602 9.80 1.568 1.255–1.958  < 0.001  
  ≥ 8.0 175/2260 7.74 394/3610 10.91 1.450 1.214–1.733  < 0.001  
 Depression 0.203
  Yes 61/802 7.61 208/1619 12.85 1.729 1.300–2.300  < 0.001  
  No 226/3235 6.99 441/4593 9.60 1.394 1.188–1.637  < 0.001  
  1. aLow AIP as a reference, the Hazard Ratio of High AIP for the primary outcome or nonfatal myocardial infarction in each subgroup in sex, age, race/ethnicity, CVD history, glycemia arm, trial, HbA1c, and depression
  2. bInteraction between categorical factor AIP and sex, age, race/ethnicity, CVD history, glycemia arm, trial, HbA1c, and depression, respectively
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

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