Table 2 Optical coherence tomography characteristics of patients in ACS and CCS groups

Plaque morphology, n (%)

 Plaque rupture

79 (24.7%)

50 (36.0%)

29 (16.0%)

 < 0.001

 Plaque erosion

43 (13.4%)

31 (22.3%)

12 (6.6%)

 < 0.001

 Calcified nodule

12 (3.8%)

6 (4.3%)

6 (3.3%)

0.640

Plaque type, n (%)

 Thrombus

89 (27.8%)

60 (43.2%)

29 (16.0%)

 < 0.001

  Red thrombus

7 (2.2%)

4 (2.9%)

3 (1.7%)

  White thrombus

53 (16.6%)

34 (24.5%)

19 (10.5%)

  Mixed thrombus

29 (9.1%)

22 (15.8%)

7 (3.9%)

 TCFA

16 (5.0%)

7 (5.0%)

9 (5.0%)

0.979

 Fibrous plaque

137 (42.8%)

58 (41.7%)

79 (43.6%)

0.731

  FCT of fibrous plaque, μm

960.99 ± 323.80

954.34 ± 300.78

965.57 ± 340.60

0.847

 Calcification

86 (26.9%)

33 (23.7%)

53 (29.3%)

0.268

  Angle, °

183.46 ± 115.16

198.42 ± 112.44

173.79 ± 117.04

0.357

  Thickness, mm

0.84 ± 0.29

0.79 ± 0.33

0.88 ± 0.26

0.218

  Length, mm

22.99 ± 12.10

22.83 ± 10.06

23.09 ± 13.36

0.931

 Lipid-rich plaque

79 (24.7%)

28 (20.1%)

51 (28.2%)

0.099

  FCT, μm

147.39 ± 125.66

145.97 ± 141.54

148.24 ± 116.62

0.938

  Lipid arc, °

188.86 ± 66.37

202.62 ± 59.50

180.88 ± 69.36

0.162

 Cholesterol crystal

137 (42.8%)

63 (45.3%)

74 (40.9%)

0.426

 Micro-vessel

63 (21.6%)

24 (17.3%)

45 (24.9%)

0.101

 Macrophage

61 (19.1%)

27 (19.4%)

34 (18.8%)

0.885

In-stent restenosis, n (%)

43 (13.4%)

21 (15.1%)

22 (12.2%)

0.443

Quantitative of target vessel

 MLA, mm²

2.24 ± 1.52

2.16 ± 1.61

2.30 ± 1.45

0.440

 MLD, mm

1.61 ± 0.48

1.56 ± 0.51

1.64 ± 0.46

0.218

 Diameter stenosis, %

43.16 ± 12.99

44.91 ± 13.04

41.86 ± 12.84

0.050

 Area stenosis, %

66.56 ± 16.31

68.59 ± 15.92

65.04 ± 16.49

0.070

 Reference vessel diameter, mm

2.53 ± 0.66

2.48 ± 0.72

2.56 ± 0.61

0.335

 Post-stent MLA, mm²

4.87 ± 2.01

4.89 ± 1.75

4.85 ± 2.23

0.914