Characteristic | Level | Study group | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
SGLT2-I (N  =  9219) | oGLAs (N  =  9219) | STD | ||
Demographic characteristics | ||||
 Women | n (%) | 3683 (40.0%) | 3635 (39.4%) | 0.01 |
 Age (years) | Mean (SD) | 62.3 (9.6) | 62.5 (11.0) | − 0.01 |
 Years in diabetes registry, n (%) | ≤ 2 | 369 (4.0%) | 362 (3.9%) |  0.4 |
2–5 | 1124 (12.2%) | 1112 (12.1%) |  | |
5–10 | 2504 (27.2%) | 2457 (26.7%) |  | |
> 10 | 5222 (56.6%) | 5288 (57.4%) |  | |
 Socioeconomic status, n (%) | 1–3 (low) | 962 (10.4%) | 881 (9.6%) | 0.00 |
4–5 (low-medium) | 2825 (30.6%) | 2930 (31.8%) | ||
6–7 (medium) | 3530 (38.3%) | 3539 (38.4%) | ||
8–10 (high) | 1891 (20.5%) | 1858 (20.2%) | ||
Missing | 11 (0.1%) | 11 (0.1%) | ||
Baseline measures | ||||
 BMI | Mean (SD) in kg/m2 | 31.7 (5.4) | 31.6 (5.4) | 0.02 |
 HbA1c (%)/mmol/mol | Mean (SD) | 8.3 (1.5)/67.2 (2.3) | 8.3 (1.6)/67.2(2.3) | − 0.04 |
 eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2), n (%)a | > 90 ml/min/1.73 m2 | 5026 (54.5%) | 5026 (54.5%) |  |
60–90 ml/min/1.73 m2 | 3407 (37.0%) | 3407 (37.0%) | ||
< 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 | 786 (8.5%) | 786 (8.5%) | ||
 UACR, n (%) | Urinary albumin BDL | 3510 (38.1%) | 3566 (38.7%) | 0.06 |
< 30 mg/g | 2370 (25.7%) | 2372 (25.7%) | ||
30– < 300 mg/g | 2312 (25.1%) | 2295 (24.9%) | ||
> 300 mg/g | 664 (7.2%) | 655 (7.1%) | ||
Missing | 363 (3.9%) | 331 (3.6%) | ||
 KDIGO risk [26], n (%) | Low-risk | 5832 (63.3%) | 5936 (64.4%) | 0.05 |
Moderate-risk | 2439 (26.5%) | 2250 (24.4%) | ||
High and very high-risk | 948 (10.3%) | 1033 (11.2%) | ||
 Change in eGFR, n (%)b | < 3 mL/min/1.73 m2/year | 8757 (95.0%) | 8645 (93.8%) | − 0.04 |
≥ 3 mL/min/1.73 m2/year | 358 (3.9%) | 430 (4.7%) | ||
≥ 5 mL/min/1.73 m2/year | 110 (1.2%) | 124 (1.3%) | − 0.01 | |
Missing | 104 (1.1%) | 144 (1.6%) | Â | |
Baseline medications | ||||
 Metformin | n (%) | 8571 (93.0%) | 8544 (92.7%) | 0.01 |
 Sulfonylureas | n (%) | 2502 (27.1%) | 2549 (27.6%) | − 0.01 |
 DPP4i | n (%) | 4402 (47.7%) | 4373 (47.4%) | 0.01 |
 GLP-1 RA | n (%) | 1806 (19.6%) | 1880 (20.4%) | − 0.02 |
 Metiglinides | n (%) | 1093 (11.9%) | 1074 (11.6%) | 0.01 |
 TZDs | n (%) | 620 (6.7%) | 667 (7.2%) | − 0.02 |
 Acarbose | n (%) | 210 (2.3%) | 214 (2.3%) | − 0.00 |
 Insulin | n (%) | 2474 (26.8%) | 2295 (24.9%) | 0.04 |
 Short-acting | n (%) | 582 (6.3%) | 557 (6.0%) | 0.01 |
 Long-acting | n (%) | 2171 (23.5%) | 2105 (22.8%) | 0.02 |
 ACEi/ARBs | n (%) | 6595 (71.5%) | 6436 (69.8%) | 0.04 |
 Beta blockers | n (%) | 3664 (39.7%) | 3634 (39.4%) | 0.01 |
 Aldosterone antagonists | n (%) | 413 (4.5%) | 415 (4.5%) | − 0.00 |
Medical history | ||||
 Established CVD history [24] | n (%) | 2705 (29.3%) | 2697 (29.3%) | 0.00 |
 Myocardial infarction/CABG/PCI with stent | n (%) | 1795 (19.5%) | 1796 (19.5%) | − 0.00 |
 Microvascular complicationsc | n (%) | 5624 (61.0%) | 5495 (59.6%) | 0.03 |
 Heart failure (24) | n (%) | 344 (3.7%) | 307 (3.3%) | 0.02 |