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Table 1 Characteristics of the study population by quartiles of body weight variability

From: Variability in body weight and the risk of cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes: results from the Swedish National Diabetes Register

Characteristic

Quartiles of body weight variability

p-value

I

II

III

IV

No. of patients

24,602

25,315

25,453

25,206

 

Mean interval between BW measurements in years (std)

0.5 (0.08)

0.6 (0.09)

0.6 (0.08)

0.5 (0.07)

NS

Weight SD

0.9 (0.6–1.1)

1.7 (1.5–1.9)

2.6 (2.3–2.9)

4.5 (3.8–6.1)

 < 0.0001

Gender (% males)

52.9

56.1

57.5

56,0

 < 0.0001

Age (years)

66.0 (58.0–73.0)

65.0 (57.0–72.0)

64.0 (55.0–71.0)

62.0 (53.0–69.0)

 < 0.0001

Smoking

14.0

14.6

15.9

18.2

 < 0.0001

BMI

28.1 (25.3–31.4)

29.0 (26.1–32.4)

29.6 (26.6–33.5)

30.7 (27.0–35.1)

 < 0.0001

Body weight

81.3 (71.6–92.0)

85.0 (74.5–96.0)

88.0 (77.0–100.0)

91.1 (78.8–106.0)

 < 0.0001

Duration of diabetes

    

 < 0.0001

 ≤ 2 years

14.8

15.4

16.9

18.8

2.1–5 years

48.2

53.7

57.5

58.5

5.1–10 years

18.5

15.8

13.5

12.0

 > 10 years

18.5

15.1

12.1

10.6

HbA1c (mmol/mol)

51.0 (45.0–58.0)

50.0 (45.0–58.0)

49.0 (44.0–57.0)

47.0 (42.0–56.0)

 < 0.0001

Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

135 (125–144)

135 (125–142)

134 (125–140)

132 (124–140)

 < 0.0001

Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)

80 (70–82)

80 (70–84)

80 (70–84)

80 (71–85)

 < 0.0001

Total cholesterol (mmol/l)

4.7 (4.1–5.4)

4.6 (4.0–5.4)

4.6 (4.0–5.4)

4.6 (4.0–5.4)

 < 0.0001

HDL cholesterol (mmol/l)

1.2 (1.0–1.5)

1.2 (1.0–1.5)

1.2 (1.0–1.5)

1.2 (1.0–1.5)

 < 0.0001

LDL cholesterol (mmol/l)

2.6 (2.1–3.3)

2.6 (2.0–3.3)

2.6 (2.0–3.2)

2.6 (2.0–3.3)

 < 0.0001

Triglycerides (mmol/l)

1.5 (1.1–2.1)

1.6 (1.1–2.2)

1.6 (1.1–2.2)

1.5 (1.1–2.2)

 < 0.0001

Albuminuria

    

 < 0.0001

No albuminuria

75.9

77.2

77.2

76.4

Microalbuminuria

13.5

14.0

14.2

14.3

Macroalbuminuria

3.4

3.3

3.4

4.0

Not available

7.2

5.5

5.4

4.0

eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2)

82.7 (69.2–97.8)

83.5 (70.0–98.3)

84.8 (70.8–99.8)

86.4 (72.1–101.6)

 < 0.0001

Diabetes retinopathy

16.4%

16.7%

15.7%

16.1%

 < 0.0001

Diabetes treatment

    

 < 0.0001

Lifestyle only

15.9

15.0

14.5

18.0

Oral agents

64.3

65.6

65.9

60.8

Insulin

7.3

6.8

7.5

8.6

Insulin + oral agents

12.5

12.6

12.1

12.6

Antihypertensive medication

70.1

69.9

70.0

68.3

 < 0.0001

Statin medication

59.0

59.6

59.0

54.7

 < 0.0001

Aspirin

23.3

22.3

20.3

17.5

 < 0.0001