Table 1 Clinical, biochemical and angiographic characteristics of all study groups

Males/females

55/21

112/53

60/25

Age (year)

66 ± 12

68 ± 12

64 ± 12

Smoking, n

52 (68.4%)

16 (9.8%)

30 (35.3%)*^#

Hypertension, n

59 (77.6%)

131 (79.4%)

48 (56.5%)*

Diabetes, n

21 (27.6%)

42 (25.5%)

15 (17.6%)

Statins, n

45 (59%)

159 (96.4%)

29 (34.1%)*^#

BMI (kg/m²)

30.42 ± 5.92

29.58 ± 3.71

29.4 ± 3.42

SBP (mmHg)

138 ± 24

132 ± 18

128 ± 15^#

ABI

1.12 ± 0.31

0.98 ± 0.26

1.17 ± 0.39

DBP (mmHg)

81 ± 15

81 ± 11

77 ± 14

LVEF (%)

59 ± 10

61 ± 8

62 ± 7

TChol (mg/dl)

205 ± 36

165 ± 36

212 ± 48*

HDL-C (mg/dl)

39 ± 10

44 ± 17

47 ± 13^#

LDL-C (mg/dl)

134 ± 61

95 ± 31

140 ± 40*

TG (mg/dl)

158 ± 92

128 ± 65

127 ± 73

FPG (mg/dl)

140 ± 57

131 ± 40

125 ± 32

HbA1c (%)^a

7.6 ± 1

7.2 ± 1.1

7.1 ± 0.8

Insulin (mU/l)

12.2 ± 5.90

11.35 ± 5.02

9.01 ± 4.73

HOMA-IR

4.22 ± 1.91

3.67 ± 1.25

2.78 ± 1.18^#

hsCRP (mg/l)

5.98 ± 2.562

3.59 ± 1.16

2.12 ± 0.88^#

Nesfatin-1 (pg/ml)

331.75 ± 101.22

416.51 ± 119.83

515.12 ± 111.85^#*

DPP4 (ng/dl)

81.92 ± 20.21

65.35 ± 14.67

42.81 ± 10.66^#*