A molecular signature for the metabolic syndrome by urine metabolomics

Table 3 Summary of metabolites discriminating MetS

Metabolite^*	Variable importance in the model	log₂FC^†	P-value^†	Associated RF^‡
Glucose	1056.86	1.66 (1.37, 1.94)	5.88e−97	RF₁, this study and definition
Formic acid	436.74	− 0.79 (− 0.87, − 0.71)	3.53e−77	n. a
Steroid lipids	364.47	0.57 (0.3, 0.86)	3.68e−31	RF₃, this study and definition
TMAO^§/1-Methyluric acid	218.32	− 0.54 (− 0.7, − 0.38)	1.58e−30	RF₂ [47]
Trigonelline	201.66	− 0.4 (− 0.5, − 0.3)	1.38e−06	RF₂ [48]
Tryptophan	198.95	− 0.38 (-0.44, − 0.31)	1.38e−38	RF₂ [48]
Quinolinic acid	192.41	0.41 (0.24, 0.59)	1.99e−17	RF₂ [36]
Imidazole	184.05	− 0.57 (− 0.7, − 0.43)	1.20e−26	RF₄ [29]
Histidine	181.71	− 0.56 (− 0.75, − 0.37)	8.42e−16	RF₄ [29]
4-HPPA^§/p-cresol sulfate	171.38	0.53 (0.4, 0.67)	1.56e−19	RF₁ [43]
Salicyluric acid	164.22	0.42 (0.29, 0.56)	8.77e−14	RF₂ [48]
Maltitol	155.43	0.65 (0.45, 0.85)	2.22e−05	RF₁ [28]
Methylhippuric acid	153.23	− 0.45 (− 0.54, − 0.36)	3.79e−21	n.a
Nicotinuric acid	146.41	− 0.38 (− 0.5, − 0.27)	1.18e−09	RF₂ [48]

n.a: not applicable
^*For metabolites with more than one associated bin, those results with the higher abs(log2FC) are showed
^†Binary logarithms of fold-changes (log2FC), their 95% confidence intervals and p-values were calculated between MetS and non-MetS conditions
^‡Numbers in parentheses represent the bibliographic reference where this metabolite is related to the pertaining RF
^§4-HPPA: 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvic acid; TMAO: trimethylamine N-oxide

ISSN: 1475-2840