Table 3 Relationship of pioglitazone use to primary ischemic stroke stratified by duration of pioglitazone use in patients with type 2 diabetes
Cases (n = 4796) | Controls (n = 23,980) | Crude OR (95% Cl) | p-value | AOR (95% Cl)* | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | n (%) | |||||
Duration of use (days, quartile) | ||||||
Never user | 4,550 (94.9) | 22,467 (93.7) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | ||
Ever-user | ||||||
Q1 (< 336 days) | 84 (1.8) | 354 (1.5) | 1.15 (0.88–1.51) | 0.253 | 0.96 (0.72–1.29) | 0.807 |
Q2 (227–630 days) | 68 (1.4) | 364 (1.5) | 0.93 (0.70–1.25) | 0.469 | 0.78 (0.57–1.07) | 0.220 |
Q3 (631–1,129 days) | 55 (1.2) | 394 (1.6) | 0.68 (0.50–0.92) | 0.005 | 0.54 (0.39–0.75) | < 0.001 |
Q4 (≥ 1,130 days) | 39 (0.8) | 401 (1.7) | 0.46 (0.32–0.65) | < 0.001 | 0.45 (0.31–0.65) | < 0.001 |
Duration of use (years) | ||||||
Never user | 4550 (94.9) | 22,467 (93.7) | 1 (reference) | 1 (reference) | ||
Ever-user | ||||||
Less than 1 year | 91 (1.9) | 410 (1.7) | 1.08 (0.83–1.40) | 0.253 | 0.91 (0.69–1.19) | 0.480 |
1–2 years | 75 (1.6) | 425 (1.8) | 0.86 (0.65–1.14) | 0.469 | 0.72 (0.53–0.97) | 0.028 |
2–3 years | 37 (0.8) | 260 (1.1) | 0.72 (0.50–1.05) | 0.005 | 0.56 (0.38–0.84) | 0.004 |
More than 3 years | 43 (0.9) | 418 (1.7) | 0.48 (0.34–0.67) | < 0.001 | 0.46 (0.32–0.67) | < 0.001 |