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Table 1 Baseline clinical characteristics of the study population

From: Triglyceride glucose index combined with plaque characteristics as a novel biomarker for cardiovascular outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention in ST-elevated myocardial infarction patients: an intravascular optical coherence tomography study

Variables

Total (N = 274)

Plaque erosion (N = 119)

Plaque rupture (N = 155)

P value

Age (years)

58.0 (50.0, 67.0)

56.0 (50.0, 65.5)

60.0 (50.0, 67.5)

0.054

Male [%(n)]

221 (80.7)

93 (78.2)

128 (82.6)

0.444

Height (cm)

170.0 (165.0, 173.0)

169.0 (165.0, 173.0)

170.0 (165.0, 173.8)

0.296

Weight (kg)

75.0 (67.0, 82.2)

75.0 (67.0, 80.0)

75.0 (67.2, 84.0)

0.220

Heart rate (beats per minute)

76.0 (65.0, 86.0)

78.0 (66.0, 87.8)

75.0 (65.0, 85.0)

0.357

SBP (mmHg)

121.0 (107.0, 134.0)

120.0 (109.0, 128.8)

122.0 (106.5, 135.5)

0.419

DBP(mmHg)

79.0 ± 12.3

78.9 ± 12.4

79.0 ± 12.4

0.978

Syntax score of base

16.0 (11.0, 22.5)

15.5 (10.0, 22.0)

16.5 (11.0, 22.8)

0.372

Residual syntax score

4.0 (0.0, 8.0)

2.0 (0.0, 7.0)

5.0 (2.0, 9.0)

0.006*

Risk factors

    

 Hypertension[%(n)]

164 (59.9)

70 (58.8)

94 (60.6)

0.857

 Diabetes[%(n)]

78 (28.5)

28 (23.5)

50 (32.3)

0.147

 Hyperlipidemia[%(n)]

236 (86.1)

99 (83.2)

137 (88.4)

0.291

 Smoking[%(n)]

165 (68.2)

66 (64.1)

99 (71.2)

0.298

 Previous PCI[%(n)]

22 ( 8.0)

6 (5)

16 (10.3)

0.171

 CKD[%(n)]

4 ( 1.6)

0 (0)

4 (2.8)

0.138

Laboratory examinations

    

 HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)

1.1 (0.9, 1.2)

1.1 (1.0, 1.2)

1.1 (0.9, 1.2)

0.177

 LDL-cholesterol at (mmol/L)

2.8 ± 0.9

2.8 ± 0.9

2.8 ± 0.8

0.906

 Triglycerides (mmol/L)

1.4 (1.0, 2.0)

1.4 (0.9, 2.0)

1.4 (1.0, 2.1)

0.681

 LPA (mg/L)

159.1 (71.5, 376.1)

181.0 (65.0, 439.2)

141.0 (75.8, 345.1)

0.282

 hs-CRP (mg/L)

6.2 (2.7, 10.9)

6.7 (3.2, 10.9)

5.8 (2.2, 10.9)

0.212

 D-dimer (ug/mL)

0.3 (0.2, 0.4)

0.3 (0.2, 0.4)

0.3 (0.2, 0.4)

0.937

 TnI (ng/L)

0.9 (0.1, 5.2)

1.5 (0.1, 5.2)

0.4 (0.1, 4.6)

0.041

 Peak level of TnI (ng/L)

23.9 (10.8, 46.5)

26.0 (11.3, 49.0)

22.0 (9.7, 41.5)

0.152

 BNP (ng/L)

137.3 (47.9, 566.0)

224.5 (75.6, 717.2)

103.0 (39.5, 416.2)

0.024*

 Peak level of BNP (ng/L)

1606.0 (633.5, 3122.0)

1463.0 (607.2, 2946.0)

1657.0 (673.8, 3179.0)

0.544

 WBC 109/L

9.8 (8.0, 11.9)

10.1 (8.1, 12.7)

9.6 (7.9, 11.4)

0.071

 Hemoglobin (g/L)

147.5 (136.0, 156.0)

149.0 (136.0, 155.0)

146.0 (135.0, 156.5)

0.603

 Platelet 109/L

222.0 (191.2, 280.8)

241.0 (198.0, 295.5)

212.0 (187.0, 266.0)

0.007*

 Crea (umol/L)

79.0 (67.9, 91.8)

75.8 (65.1, 89.5)

82.3 (70.6, 94.1)

0.005

 Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L)

7.6 (6.3, 10.0)

7.5 (6.3, 9.8)

7.7 (6.3, 10.2)

0.351

 A1C (%)

6.0 (5.6, 7.1)

6.0 (5.6, 6.8)

6.0 (5.6, 7.4)

0.408

 TYGa

4.7 ± 0.7

4.6 ± 0.7

4.7 ± 0.8

0.410

TYG index tertiles

    

 T1, n (%)

–

3.9 ± 0.3

3.9 ± 0.3

-

 T2, n (%)

–

4.6 ± 0.2

4.6 ± 0.2

-

 T3, n (%)

–

5.5 ± 0.5

5.3 ± 0.4

-

Discharge medication regimen

    

 Aspirin[%(n)]

265 (96.7)

116 (97.5)

149 (96.1)

0.736

 Ticagrelor[%(n)]

139 (50.7)

53 (44.5)

86 (55.5)

0.094

 Clopidogrel[%(n)]

135 (49.3)

66 (55.5)

69 (44.5)

0.094

 ACEI/ARB[%(n)]

204 (74.5)

86 (72.3)

118 (76.1)

0.558

 Beta-Blockers[%(n)]

240 (87.6)

103 (86.6)

137 (88.4)

0.786

 Statin[%(n)]

266 (97.1)

116 (97.5)

150 (96.8)

1.000

 Proton pump inhibitor[%(n)]

109 (39.8)

52 (43.7)

57 (36.8)

0.300

 Oral anticoagulants[%(n)]

6 ( 2.2)

4 (3.4)

2 (1.3)

0.408

Procedural data

    

Angiographic findings

    

 Culprit vessels

   

0.002*

 LAD

131 (47.8)

65 (54.6)

66 (42.6)

 

 LCX

27 ( 9.9)

17 (14.3)

10 (6.5)

 

 RCA

116 (42.3)

37 (31.1)

79 (51)

 

Coronary artery lesions

   

0.012*

 SVD

66 (24.1)

39 (32.8)

27 (17.4)

 

 DVD

100 (36.5)

40 (33.6)

60 (38.7)

 

 TVD

108 (39.4)

40 (33.6)

68 (43.9)

 

Pre-TIMI flow

   

0.755

 0

172 (62.8)

79 (66.4)

93 (60)

 

 1

15 ( 5.5)

6 (5)

9 (5.8)

 

 2

25 ( 9.1)

10 (8.4)

15 (9.7)

 

 3

62 (22.6)

24 (20.2)

38 (24.5)

 

AHA classification

   

0.990

 A

2 ( 0.7)

1 (0.8)

1 (0.6)

 

 B1

25 ( 9.2)

11 (9.3)

14 (9)

 

 B2

38 (13.9)

17 (14.4)

21 (13.5)

 

 C

208 (76.2)

89 (75.4)

119 (76.8)

 

Diameter of lesion (mm)

3.0 (2.8, 3.5)

3.0 (2.8, 3.5)

3.0 (2.8, 3.5)

0.058

Length of lesion (mm)

26.0 (19.0, 37.0)

26.0 (19.0, 34.8)

26.0 (20.0, 40.0)

0.160

Endpoint events

    

 MACE [%(n)]

19 (6.9)

7 (5.9)

12 (7.7)

0.718

 Death [%(n)]

2 (0.70)

0 (0)

2 (1.3)

0.507

 Recurrent MI [%(n)]

8 (2.90)

5 (4.2)

3 (1.9)

0.300

 Stroke [%(n)]

9 (3.30)

2 (1.7)

7 (4.5)

0.307

 Angina [%(n)]

21 (7.70)

8 (6.7)

13 (8.4)

0.776

 Heart failure [%(n)]

6 (2.20)

5 (4.2)

1 (0.6)

0.089

  1. Continuous data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD) or median (25th, 75th percentiles). Categorical data are presented as number (%)
  2. SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diabetes blood pressure; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; CKD, chronic kidney disease; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; LPA, lipse activator; hs-CRP, high sensitive C-reactive protein; BNP, type B natriuretic peptide; WBC, White blood cell; Crea,creatinine; ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; TnI, troponin; LAD, left anterior descending artery; LCX, left circumfex artery; RCA, right coronary artery; DVD, double vessel disease; SVD, single vessel disease; TVD, triple vessel disease. pre-TIMI, previous of procedural thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow grade; AHA, American Heart Association; MACE, major adverse cardiovascular events; MI, myocardial infarction. a, TYH, defined as TyG plus LN0.01129; TyG, triglyceride glucose; A1C, Glycated hemoglobin; T, tertiles of TYG 
  3. *P < 0.05
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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840