Insulin-treated (n=420) | Not insulin treated (n=786) | Model | Model covariates | HR [95% CI] (insulin-treated/not treated) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. of events/N (%) | No. of events/N (%) | ||||
MACE 73/420 (17.4) HHF 28/420 (6.7) | MACE 76/786 (9.7) HHF 21/786 (2.7) | 1 | Unadjusted | MACE | |
1.89 [1.36–2.62] | 0.0001 | ||||
HHF | |||||
2.48 [1.40–4.40] | 0.002 | ||||
2 | Age, sex, race, duration of diabetes, HbA1c, use of intensive statin, prior MI/PCI/CABG, and prior heart failure | MACE | |||
1.86 [1.27–2.73] | 0.002 | ||||
HHF | |||||
1.79 [0.92–3.47] | 0.08 | ||||
3 | Model 2 plus adjustment for use of metformin, sulfonylurea, SGLT2i, and GLP-1 RA | MACE | |||
2.10 [1.42–3.10] | 0.0002 | ||||
HHF | |||||
2.34 [1.19–4.60] | 0.01 |