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Table 3 Comparisons of clinical parameters among mean-gray-scale median tertiles

From: Associations of continuous glucose monitoring-assessed glucose variability with intima-media thickness and ultrasonic tissue characteristics of the carotid arteries: a cross-sectional analysis in patients with type 2 diabetes

 

Bottom tertile (n = 203)

Middle tertile (n = 199)

Top tertile (n = 197)

P for trend

Sex: male

122 (60.1)

119 (59.8)

138 (70.1)

0.040

Age (years)

65.4 ± 8.6

65.8 ± 9.6

63.5 ± 9.2

0.046

Duration of diabetes (years)

14.5 ± 8.3

13.5 ± 8.5

11.9 ± 7.9

0.002

Ever smoker

101 (49.8)

110 (55.3)

116 (58.9)

0.067

BMI (kg/m2)

25.3 ± 3.4

24.5 ± 4.3

24.0 ± 3.6

 < 0.001

Systolic BP (mmHg)

131.5 ± 13.7

132.6 ± 16.7

131.6 ± 13.8

0.915

HbA1c (%)

7.2 ± 0.9

7.0 ± 0.9

6.9 ± 0.7

0.001

HbA1c (mmol/mol)

55.1 ± 9.8

53.1 ± 9.5

52.2 ± 7.3

0.001

FPG (mmol/L)

7.83 ± 1.82

7.55 ± 1.67

7.52 ± 1.92

0.082

AST (U/L)

23.2 ± 8.4

22.2 ± 7.7

23.4 ± 9.8

0.766

ALT (U/L)

23.7 ± 12.9

21.9 ± 13

23.2 ± 13.9

0.706

γ-GTP (U/L)

30.1 ± 26.9

28.9 ± 30.9

34.1 ± 41.6

0.243

Uric acid (μmol/L)

310 ± 76

300 ± 71

315 ± 73

0.506

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

4.66 ± 0.80

4.80 ± 0.84

4.84 ± 0.77

0.034

HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)

1.45 ± 0.36

1.60 ± 0.38

1.59 ± 0.46

 < 0.001

log triglycerides (mmol/L)

0.240 ± 0.500

0.107 ± 0.491

0.088 ± 0.519

0.002

LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)

2.59 ± 0.68

2.66 ± 0.74

2.71 ± 0.58

0.078

eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)

69.4 ± 20.2

71.5 ± 16.7

69.3 ± 17.5

0.971

log u-Alb/Cr (mg/g)

2.98 ± 1.53

2.86 ± 1.47

2.76 ± 1.49

0.141

Mean glucose (mmol/L)

7.86 ± 1.77

7.69 ± 1.82

7.33 ± 1.39

0.002

Median glucose (mmol/L)

7.50 ± 1.80

7.28 ± 1.88

6.97 ± 1.40

0.002

SD (mmol/L)

2.04 ± 0.64

2.01 ± 0.56

1.84 ± 0.57

 < 0.001

CV (%)

25.9 ± 6.1

26.4 ± 5.7

24.9 ± 5.6

0.096

MAGE (mmol/L)

5.53 ± 2.22

5.38 ± 1.79

4.92 ± 1.81

0.002

TIR (%): 3.9–10.0 mmol/L

77.9 ± 19.0

79.9 ± 18.4

84.7 ± 15.0

 < 0.001

TAR (%): > 10.0 mmol/L

19.8 ± 19.5

17.9 ± 18.8

13.3 ± 15.3

 < 0.001

TAR (%): > 13.9 mmol/L

3.9 ± 8.0

3.5 ± 9.8

2.0 ± 5.7

0.015

TBR (%): < 3.9 mmol/L

2.3 ± 4.9

2.2 ± 5.1

2.0 ± 4.1

0.614

TBR (%): < 3.0 mmol/L

0.3 ± 1.3

0.4 ± 1.9

0.2 ± 0.8

0.313

HBGI

5.67 ± 4.34

5.42 ± 4.84

4.27 ± 3.34

0.001

LBGI

1.55 ± 1.73

1.65 ± 1.83

1.56 ± 1.35

0.964

MODD (mmol/L)

1.78 ± 0.67

1.70 ± 0.58

1.57 ± 0.56

 < 0.001

IQR (mmol/L)

2.16 ± 0.78

2.11 ± 0.78

1.96 ± 0.68

0.006

  1. Continuous data are presented as means ± standard deviations. Categorical data are presented as counts (percentages). Bottom tertile: mean-gray-scale median (GSM) ≤ 38.5, middle tertile: 38.5 < mean-GSM ≤ 52.0, top tertile: 52.0 < mean-GSM
  2. P for trend was calculated using linear and logistic regression models for continuous and categorical outcomes, respectively
  3. BP blood pressure, FPG fasting plasma glucose, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, γ-GTP gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, u-Alb/Cr urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, SD standard deviation, CV coefficient of variation, MAGE mean amplitude of glycemic excursion, TIR time in range, TAR time above range, TBR time below range, HBGI high blood glucose index, LBGI low blood glucose index, MODD mean of daily differences, IQR interquartile range