SGLT2 inhibitors and lower limb complications: an updated meta‐analysis

Table 3 Meta-regression analysis for the associated factors and risk of PAD events in patients with SGLT2i treatment

Parameter	β	95% CI	P value	Parameter	β	95% CI	P value
Demographic characteristic
Age (year old)	− 0.057	− 0.133, 0.018	0.133	Sex (male%)	− 0.003	− 0.026, 0.019	0.780
BMI (kg/m²)	− 0.011	− 0.071, 0.050	0.720	Diabetes duration (year)	− 0.001	− 0.104, 0.102	0.984
HbA1c and weight change
HbA1c change (%)	− 0.540	− 1.518, 0.437	0.269	Weight change (kg)*	− 0.359	− 0.545, − 0.172	< 0.001
HbA1c change difference (%)	− 1.126	− 3.166, 0.914	0.269	Weight change difference (kg)*	− 0.264	− 0.472, − 0.056	0.014
Hemodynamic indicator
Baseline SBP (mmHg)	0.004	− 0.061, 0.070	0.896	Baseline DBP (mmHg)	0.017	− 0.338, 0.372	0.922
SBP change (mmHg)*	− 0.207	− 0.390, − 0.023	0.028	DBP change (mmHg)	− 0.191	− 0.493, 0.110	0.201
Hemoglobin change (g/L)	− 0.076	− 0.746, 0.594	0.782	HCT change	− 0.242	− 1.117, 0.634	0.552
Volume depletion (event%)	− 0.061	− 0.269, 0.147	0.528	Osmotic diuresis (event%)	0.367	− 0.091, 0.825	0.091
Renal function profile
Baseline eGFR (mL/min/1.73m²)	0.019	− 0.014, 0.051	0.242	eGFR change (mL/min/1.73m²)	− 0.184	− 0.473, 0.107	0.200
PAD risk factor
Previous PAD (%)	0.017	− 0.039, 0.072	0.411	−	−	−	−

*P < 0.05. BMI body mass index, SGLT2i sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor, PAD peripheral arterial disease, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, HCT hematocrit, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate

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