Sacubitril/valsartan inhibits obesity-associated diastolic dysfunction through suppression of ventricular-vascular stiffness

Table 1 Ultrasound derived cardiac function and structure parameters of Zucker Obese rats prior to the ten-week treatment period (N = 10; ZOC_/pre) and following the ten-week treatment period (N = 6; ZOC_/post)

Parameter sample size	ZOC_/pre (10)	ZOC_/post (6)
Body weight (g)	560 ± 7	752 ± 17*
Heart weight (mg)	NA	1429 ± 62
HW/TL (mg mm⁻¹)	NA	18.1 ± 0.5
Systolic parameters
Ejection fraction (%)	82 ± 2	76 ± 2*
Cardiac output (ml min⁻¹)	302 ± 56	270 ± 29
Stroke volume (µl)	828 ± 164	762 ± 90
IVCT (ms)	12.5 ± 0.9	15.5 ± 0.6
s’ (mm sec⁻¹)	43 ± 1	42 ± 3
Ejection time (ms)	65 ± 3	71 ± 2
LVETI	695 ± 22	685 ± 17
Systolic time (ms)	99 ± 3	112 ± 3*
Diastolic parameters
E, (mm sec⁻¹)	921 ± 49	1117 ± 126
A, (mm sec⁻¹) late	828 ± 60	1036 ± 127
E/A ratio	1.06 ± 0.05	1.07 ± 0.08
e’, (mm sec⁻¹)	36 ± 2	52 ± 6*
a’, (mm sec⁻¹)	54 ± 5	69 ± 10
e’/a’ ratio	0.69 ± 0.06	0.76 ± 0.05
E/e’ (LV filling pressure)	24.5 ± 1.0	22.7 ± 2.6
Diastolic stiffness (E/e’/LVIDd)	3.26 ± 0.10	2.68 ± 0.29
IVRT (ms)	20.8 ± 0.9	25.8 ± 1.4*
MPI	0.54 ± 0.04	0.58 ± 0.01
Structural parameters
LA/Ao ratio	1.51 ± 0.06	1.38 ± 0.11
LV Mass (mg)	926 ± 44	1067 ± 19*
AWTd (mm)	2.12 ± 0.09	2.07 ± 0.05
PWTd (mm)	1.87 ± 0.09	1.83 ± 0.11
Relative wall thickness	0.53 ± 0.03	0.46 ± 0.03
LVIDd (mm)	7.55 ± 0.11	8.45 ± 0.21*
LVIDs (mm)	3.60 ± 0.16	4.44 ± 0.16*

Values are mean ± SE, (sample sizes shown in parentheses). *p < 0.05 vs ZOC_/pre. HW Heart weight, tibia length tibia length, LV left ventricle, e’ early septal wall velocity during diastole, a’ late septal wall velocity during diastole, s’ peak septal wall velocity during systole, E early mitral flow velocity, A late mitral flow velocity, E/E’ LV filling pressure, IVRT isovolumic relaxation time; IVCT isovolumic contraction time; MPI myocardial performance index, LVETI LV ejection time index, LA left atrium diameter, Ao aorta diameter, AWTd anterior wall thickness at end diastole; PWTd posterior wall thickness at end diastole, LVIDd LV inner diameter at end diastole, LVIDs LV inner diameter at end systole

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