|
Subjects, n
|
3454
|
3335
|
4210
|
2689
| | |
|
Age at index date, mean (sd)
|
72.9 (12.2)
|
78.1 (10.8)
|
74.4 (10.3)
|
74.9 (10.8)
|
0.47
|
0.06
|
|
Female, n (%)
|
1551 (44.9)
|
1699 (50.9)
|
2018 (47.9)
|
1282 (47.7)
|
0.12
|
0.03
|
|
Calendar year of index date, n (%)
|
|
2014
|
704 (20.4)
|
90 (2.7)
|
403 (9.6)
|
371 (13.8)
|
0.64
|
0.1
|
|
2015
|
727 (21.0)
|
256 (7.7)
|
578 (13.7)
|
525 (19.5)
|
0.39
|
0.05
|
|
2016
|
670 (19.4)
|
486 (14.6)
|
785 (18.6)
|
621 (23.1)
|
0.22
|
0.01
|
|
2017
|
630 (18.2)
|
886 (26.6)
|
1045 (24.8)
|
547 (20.3)
|
0.19
|
0.03
|
|
2018
|
628 (18.2)
|
1163 (34.9)
|
1174 (27.9)
|
524 (19.5)
|
0.37
|
0.04
|
|
2019
|
95 (2.8)
|
454 (13.6)
|
225 (5.3)
|
101 (3.8)
|
0.41
|
0.05
|
|
Dispensing Institution by district, n (%)
|
|
Hong Kong East
|
365 (10.6)
|
413 (12.4)
|
454 (10.8)
|
336 (12.5)
|
0.06
|
0.02
|
|
Hong Kong West
|
321 (9.3)
|
490 (14.7)
|
302 (7.2)
|
317 (11.8)
|
0.24
|
0.03
|
|
Kowloon Central
|
661 (19.1)
|
592 (17.8)
|
904 (21.5)
|
395 (14.7)
|
0.17
|
0.02
|
|
Kowloon East
|
399 (11.6)
|
284 (8.5)
|
370 (8.8)
|
703 (26.1)
|
0.52
|
0.04
|
|
Kowloon West
|
582 (16.9)
|
554 (16.6)
|
777 (18.5)
|
393 (14.6)
|
0.1
|
0.02
|
|
New Territories East
|
625 (18.1)
|
689 (20.7)
|
722 (17.1)
|
333 (12.4)
|
0.22
|
0.03
|
|
New Territories West
|
501 (14.5)
|
313 ( 9.4)
|
681 (16.2)
|
212 (7.9)
|
0.26
|
0.04
|
|
Medical history, n (%)
|
|
Congestive heart failure
|
741 (21.5)
|
636 (19.1)
|
576 (13.7)
|
413 (15.4)
|
0.21
|
0.02
|
|
Stroke
|
525 (15.2)
|
706 (21.2)
|
797 (18.9)
|
460 (17.1)
|
0.15
|
0.03
|
|
COPD
|
313 (9.1)
|
304 (9.1)
|
338 (8.0)
|
215 (8.0)
|
0.04
|
0.04
|
|
Fall
|
566 (16.4)
|
637 (19.1)
|
617 (14.7)
|
420 (15.6)
|
0.12
|
0.03
|
|
Fracture
|
251 (7.3)
|
299 ( 9.0)
|
282 (6.7)
|
214 (8.0)
|
0.09
|
0.02
|
|
Chronic liver disease
|
23 (0.7)
|
16 (0.5)
|
14 (0.3)
|
4 (0.1)
|
0.08
|
0.04
|
|
Osteoporosis
|
37 (1.1)
|
65 (1.9)
|
51 (1.2)
|
41 (1.5)
|
0.07
|
0.004
|
|
Rheumatoid arthritis
|
29 (0.8)
|
39 (1.2)
|
36 (0.9)
|
22 (0.8)
|
0.04
|
0.03
|
|
Chronic kidney disease
|
187 (5.4)
|
79 (2.4)
|
42 (1.0)
|
49 ( 1.8)
|
0.28
|
0.05
|
|
Medication record in the past 90 days, n (%)
|
|
ACE inhibitors
|
1504 (43.5)
|
1455 (43.6)
|
1529 (36.3)
|
1088 (40.5)
|
0.15
|
0.02
|
|
Beta blockers
|
2019 (58.5)
|
1959 (58.7)
|
2490 (59.1)
|
1649 (61.3)
|
0.06
|
0.02
|
|
Proton pump inhibitors
|
1169 (33.8)
|
1396 (41.9)
|
1321 (31.4)
|
877 (32.6)
|
0.22
|
0.04
|
|
Systemic corticosteroids
|
377 (10.9)
|
324 ( 9.7)
|
341 (8.1)
|
222 (8.3)
|
0.1
|
0.05
|
|
Anti-depressants
|
162 (4.7)
|
202 (6.1)
|
199 (4.7)
|
128 (4.8)
|
0.06
|
0.004
|
