Fig. 5

Telmisartan improves diet-induced renal structural and functional damage. a Representative photomicrograph of PAS-stained kidney section from the control group showed unremarkable pathological changes with patent glomerular capillary lumina (arrows). b Representative photomicrograph of PAS-stained kidney sections from the DIO group showed enlarged glomeruli with preserved Bowman’s space. Accentuation of lobular architecture, hypercellularity, compressed glomerular capillary lumen (circle), mesangial proliferation, and focal mesangial hyalinization were also noticed. c Representative photomicrograph of PAS-stained kidney sections from the DIO + Tel group showed mildly enlarged glomerulus with patent Bowman’s space. Subtotal collapse of glomerular capillary lumen and mild mesangial proliferation (PAS  ×400 for a, b and c). d Serum kidney injury molecule 1 (upper panel) and creatinine (lower panel) levels in control, DIO and DIO + Tel groups (number of rats = 10/group. P < 0.05 considered significant, * significant when compared to the control group, • significant when compared to the DIO group)