Table 2 Clinical characteristics of diabetic HFpEF patients according to glycemic control
|  | Diabetic N = 65 | HbA1C < 7% N = 32 | HbA1C > 7% N = 33 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 76 ± 9 | 76 ± 8 | 75 ± 10 | 0.79 |
Duration of diabetes (years) | 19.3 ± 8 | 19.2 ± 9 | 19.4 ± 8 | 0.96 |
Female (n, %) | 42 (60%) | 20 (62%) | 20 (61%) | 0.88 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 31 ± 6 | 29 ± 6 | 32 ± 7 | 0.048 |
NYHA III–IV (n, %) | 27 (39%) | 14 (44%) | 12 (36%) | 0.54 |
Hospitalized for HF at inclusion (n,%) | 41 (63%) | 21 (66%) | 20 (61%) | 0.55 |
Atrial fibrillation (n, %) | 37 (53%) | 18 (56%) | 16 (48%) | 0.53 |
Ischemic cardiomyopathy (n, %) | 33 (47%) | 13 (41%) | 18 (55%) | 0.26 |
Smoking (n, %) | 27 (39%) | 10 (31%) | 14 (42%) | 0.35 |
Hypertension (n, %) | 67 (97%) | 32 (100%) | 31 (94%) | 0.49 |
Hypercholesterolemia (n, %) | 49 (70%) | 22 (69%) | 24 (73%) | 0.72 |
Sleep apneas (n, %) | 12 (18%) | 4 (13%) | 8 (27%) | 0.16 |
COPD (n, %) | 7 (10%) | 3 (9%) | 3 (9%) | 0.97 |
Biology | ||||
 HbA1C (%) | 7.1 [6.1–7.8] | 6.1 [5.8–6.5] | 7.7 [7.2–8.4] |  < 0.001 by design |
 eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 50 ± 24 | 49 ± 27 | 48 ± 18 | 0.78 |
 Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 11 ± 2 | 11 ± 2 | 12 ± 2 | 0.046 |
 NT-proBNP (pg/mL) | 1745 [955–3710] | 2373 [1148–5264] | 1464 [506–3696] | 0.086 |
Antidiabetic treatment | ||||
 Insulin (n, %) | 32 (46%) | 11 (34%) | 21 (64%) | 0.018 |
 Metformin (n, %) | 31 (44%) | 15 (47%) | 13 (39%) | 0.54 |
 Sulfonylureas (n, %) | 16 (23%) | 9 (28%) | 5 (15%) | 0.20 |
 Gliptins (n, %) | 8 (11%) | 4 (13%) | 4 (12%) | 0.96 |