Skip to main content

Table 4 Physical and metabolic parameters

From: A prospective randomized study comparing effects of empagliflozin to sitagliptin on cardiac fat accumulation, cardiac function, and cardiac metabolism in patients with early-stage type 2 diabetes: the ASSET study

 

Empagliflozin

Sitagliptin

p value

Body weight (kg)

 Baseline

80.3 ± 19.0

84.4 ± 16.1

0.469

 12 weeks

79.1 ± 19.6

83.7 ± 16.3

0.411

 Change

−1.2 ± 1.6

−0.2 ± 2.0

0.081

 Intragroup p value

0.002*

0.679

 

HbA1c (%)

 Baseline

7.1 ± 0.8

7.0 ± 0.9

0.684

 12 weeks

6.7 ± 0.6

6.6 ± 0.8

0.895

 Change

−0.5 ± 0.4

−0.4 ± 0.4

0.549

 Intragroup p value

< 0.001*

< 0.001*

 

Plasma glucose (mg/dL)

 Baseline

155.7 ± 34.2

140.6 ± 33.3

0.155

 12 weeks

124.6 ± 18.2

135.3 ± 37.2

0.243

 Change

−31.1 ± 21.8

−5.3 ± 18.3

< 0.001*

 Intragroup p value

< 0.001*

0.200

 

Plasma insulin (µIU/mL)

 Baseline

13.7 ± 7.1

14.4 ± 9.5

0.795

 12 weeks

9.4 ± 5.5

14.9 ± 7.3

0.009*

 Change

−4.4 ± 6.4

0.5 ± 6.5

0.019*

 Intragroup p value

0.005*

0.735

 

HOMA-IR

 Baseline

5.3 ± 2.8

4.9 ± 3.7

0.718

 12 weeks

2.9 ± 1.8

4.8 ± 2.8

0.011*

 Change

−2.4 ± 2.4

−0.1 ± 2.5

0.004*

 Intragroup p value

< 0.001*

0.902

 

HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)

 Baseline

52.4 ± 14.4

48.8 ± 8.5

0.333

 12 weeks

54.0 ± 14.7

46.5 ± 10.1

0.061

 Change

1.7 ± 6.3

−2.3 ± 5.3

0.034*

 Intragroup p value

0.241

0.061

 

Apolipoprotein A-I (mg/dL)

 Baseline

146.7 ± 30.4

145.2 ± 22.8

0.860

 12 weeks

147.3 ± 30.5

138.1 ± 22.7

0.277

 Change

0.6 ± 12.2

−7.1 ± 10.6

0.036*

 Intragroup p value

0.833

0.006*

 

LDL cholesterol (mg/dL)

 Baseline

134.4 ± 29.7

139.2 ± 39.7

0.659

 12 weeks

132.8 ± 22.7

135.0 ± 41.0

0.824

 Change

−1.7 ± 16.3

−4.2 ± 17.9

0.636

 Intragroup p value

0.644

0.297

 

Apolipoprotein B (mg/dL)

 Baseline

110.1 ± 25.1

113.0 ± 24.3

0.715

 12 weeks

107.5 ± 22.0

109.3 ± 25.9

0.808

 Change

−2.6 ± 10.9

−3.6 ± 12.4

0.783

 Intragroup p value

0.285

0.197

 

Uric acid (mg/dL)

 Baseline

5.8 ± 1.2

6.3 ± 1.2

0.171

 12 weeks

5.0 ± 0.9

6.5 ± 1.2

< 0.001*

 Change

−0.8 ± 0.9

0.1 ± 0.8

< 0.001*

 Intragroup p value

< 0.001*

0.446

 

Total ketone bodies (μmol/L)

 Baseline

81.8 ± 50.3

107.0 ± 82.6

0.725

 12 weeks

233.6 ± 372.3

93.5 ± 58.0

0.138

 Change

151.8 ± 335.2

−13.5 ± 59.5

0.002*

 Intragroup p value

< 0.001*

0.591

 

β-hydroxybutyric acid (μmol/L)

 Baseline

52.9 ± 33.7

72.2 ± 59.7

0.624

 12 weeks

159.6 ± 263.3

60.0 ± 38.9

0.099

 Change

106.7 ± 239.2

−12.2 ± 42.4

0.001*

 Intragroup p value

< 0.001*

0.370

 

Acetoacetic acid (μmol/L)

 Baseline

28.9 ± 16.9

34.8 ± 23.6

0.357

 12 weeks

74.0 ± 109.3

33.5 ± 19.8

0.102

 Change

45.1 ± 96.3

−1.3 ± 18.0

0.036*

 Intragroup p value

0.044*

0.746

 
  1. Data are presented as the mean ± SD (n = 21 for both groups). p values < 0.05 indicate significant differences. Comparisons were performed by one-sample t-test in each group, and two-sample t-tests between groups. HDL: high-density lipoprotein, HOMA-IR: homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, LDL: low-density lipoprotein. *p < 0.05
Back to article page

Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840