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Table 4 Association of NAFLD with MACE risk in multivariable Cox regression

From: Metabolic syndrome, fatty liver, and artificial intelligence-based epicardial adipose tissue measures predict long-term risk of cardiac events: a prospective study

 

HR

95% CI

P value

Model 1: adjusted for CAC score + EAT volume

 NAFLD

1.78

1.21–2.61

0.003

 EAT volume, cm3a

1.48

1.18–1.86

0.001

 CAC scorea

1.28

1.23–1.33

< 0.001

Model 2: adjusted for CAC score + EAT attenuation

 NAFLD

1.80

1.23–2.65

0.003

 EAT attenuation, HU

0.96

0.93–0.98

0.002

 CAC score

1.28

1.23–1.34

< 0.001

  1. Final models based on backward stepwise selection of variables at a Wald p-value of 0.05
  2. Co-variates entered in both models: age, male sex, MetS/diabetes status (no Mets or diabetes; MetS without diabetes; diabetes), LDL cholesterol, current smoker, past smoker, statin use, antihypertensive treatment
  3. aHazard ratios are per 2-fold increase/doubling of EAT volume (cm3) and CAC score
  4. CAC, coronary artery calcium; CT, computed tomography; EAT, epicardial adipose tissue; HU, Hounsfield units; MACE, major adverse cardiovascular events; MetS, metabolic syndrome; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease