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Table 2 Patient level intravascular ultrasound features of non-culprit lesions

From: Relationship between insulin resistance, coronary plaque, and clinical outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndromes: an analysis from the PROSPECT study

 

Insulin sensitive (n = 234)

Likely insulin resistance (n = 109)

Diabetic insulin resistance (n = 65)

Diabetes mellitus (n = 99)

p value

Grayscale intravascular ultrasound

 Number of lesions

5 (3–6)

5 (4–6)

6 (4–7)

5 (4–6)

0.05

  ≥ 1 echolucent plaque

14.5 (32/221)

8.7 (9/103)

23.8 (15/63)

20.2 (19/94)

0.03

  ≥ 1 plaque rupture

12.2 (27/221)

20.4 (21/103)

17.5 (11/63)

11.7 (11/94)

0.18

 Total lesion length, mm

69.3 (40.0–103.0)

72.4 (46.1–96.8)

94.5 (61.1–115.9)

66.1 (45.6–95.0)

0.02

 Plaque volume, %

49.6 (47.0–52.3)

48.8 (46.1–51.2)

49.0 (46.6–52.5)

49.6 (46.8–52.3)

0.27

 Average EEM CSA, mm3/mm

15.8 (13.8–18.4)

16.3 (14.6–19.5)

17.3 (14.3–19.2)

16.5 (14.2–18.4)

0.11

 Average luminal CSA, mm3/mm

8.0 (6.8–9.2)

8.6 (7.1–10.1)

8.7 (7.0–9.9)

8.0 (7.0–9.4)

0.04

VH-intravascular ultrasound

 Average necrotic core CSA, mm3/mm

0.54 (0.26–0.82)

0.55 (0.34–0.89)

0.49 (0.34–0.73)

0.50 (0.31–0.78)

0.90

 Average dense calcium CSA, mm3/mm

0.24 (0.11–0.42)

0.21 (0.14–0.40)

0.18 (0.11–0.34)

0.24 (0.12–0.41)

0.75

 Average fibrous tissue CSA, mm3/mm

2.48 (1.89–3.14)

2.64 (1.99–3.44)

2.79 (2.15–3.62)

2.73 (2.10–3.37)

0.10

 Average fibrofatty CSA, mm3/mm

0.80 (0.49–1.20)

0.82 (0.54–1.11)

0.95 (0.56–1.59)

0.92 (0.57–1.40)

0.12

 Total number of VH-TCFA lesions per patients

1.0 (0.0–2.0)

1.0 (0.0–2.0)

1.0 (0.0–1.0)

1.0 (0.0,1.5)

0.43

High-risk plaque characteristics

  ≥ 1 lesion with MLA ≤ 4 mm2

57.9 (128/221)

46.6 (48/103)

55.6 (35/63)

60.6 (57/94)

0.18

  ≥ 1 lesion with plaque burden ≥ 70%

29.9 (66/221)

33.0 (34/103)

39.7 (25/63)

35.1 (33/94)

0.49

  ≥ 1 VH-TCFA

54.2 (110/203)

63.8 (60/94)

53.3 (32/60)

55.7 (49/88)

0.43

  1. Values are median (interquartile range) or % (n/N). CSA, cross-sectional area; EEM, external elastic membrane; MLA, minimal lumen area; TCFA, thin-cap fibroatheroma