Insulin sensitive (n = 234) | Likely insulin resistance (n = 109) | Diabetic insulin resistance (n = 65) | Diabetes mellitus (n = 99) | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Grayscale intravascular ultrasound | |||||
Number of lesions | 5 (3–6) | 5 (4–6) | 6 (4–7) | 5 (4–6) | 0.05 |
≥ 1 echolucent plaque | 14.5 (32/221) | 8.7 (9/103) | 23.8 (15/63) | 20.2 (19/94) | 0.03 |
≥ 1 plaque rupture | 12.2 (27/221) | 20.4 (21/103) | 17.5 (11/63) | 11.7 (11/94) | 0.18 |
Total lesion length, mm | 69.3 (40.0–103.0) | 72.4 (46.1–96.8) | 94.5 (61.1–115.9) | 66.1 (45.6–95.0) | 0.02 |
Plaque volume, % | 49.6 (47.0–52.3) | 48.8 (46.1–51.2) | 49.0 (46.6–52.5) | 49.6 (46.8–52.3) | 0.27 |
Average EEM CSA, mm3/mm | 15.8 (13.8–18.4) | 16.3 (14.6–19.5) | 17.3 (14.3–19.2) | 16.5 (14.2–18.4) | 0.11 |
Average luminal CSA, mm3/mm | 8.0 (6.8–9.2) | 8.6 (7.1–10.1) | 8.7 (7.0–9.9) | 8.0 (7.0–9.4) | 0.04 |
VH-intravascular ultrasound | |||||
Average necrotic core CSA, mm3/mm | 0.54 (0.26–0.82) | 0.55 (0.34–0.89) | 0.49 (0.34–0.73) | 0.50 (0.31–0.78) | 0.90 |
Average dense calcium CSA, mm3/mm | 0.24 (0.11–0.42) | 0.21 (0.14–0.40) | 0.18 (0.11–0.34) | 0.24 (0.12–0.41) | 0.75 |
Average fibrous tissue CSA, mm3/mm | 2.48 (1.89–3.14) | 2.64 (1.99–3.44) | 2.79 (2.15–3.62) | 2.73 (2.10–3.37) | 0.10 |
Average fibrofatty CSA, mm3/mm | 0.80 (0.49–1.20) | 0.82 (0.54–1.11) | 0.95 (0.56–1.59) | 0.92 (0.57–1.40) | 0.12 |
Total number of VH-TCFA lesions per patients | 1.0 (0.0–2.0) | 1.0 (0.0–2.0) | 1.0 (0.0–1.0) | 1.0 (0.0,1.5) | 0.43 |
High-risk plaque characteristics | |||||
≥ 1 lesion with MLA ≤ 4 mm2 | 57.9 (128/221) | 46.6 (48/103) | 55.6 (35/63) | 60.6 (57/94) | 0.18 |
≥ 1 lesion with plaque burden ≥ 70% | 29.9 (66/221) | 33.0 (34/103) | 39.7 (25/63) | 35.1 (33/94) | 0.49 |
≥ 1 VH-TCFA | 54.2 (110/203) | 63.8 (60/94) | 53.3 (32/60) | 55.7 (49/88) | 0.43 |