Skip to main content

Table 2 Association between quartiles of MEDLIFE index and metabolic syndrome and its components, HOMAR-IR and C-reactive protein in the ENRICA cohort (N = 11,090)

From: Association between the Mediterranean lifestyle, metabolic syndrome and mortality: a whole-country cohort in Spain

 

Q1 (5–11 p)

Q2 (12–13 p)

Q3 (14–15 p)

Q4 (16–23 p)

P-trend

Total number of participants

3042

3435

2917

1696

 

Metabolic syndrome, cases

512

530

385

185

 

 Model 1, OR (95% CI)

1 Ref.

0.91 (0.77, 1.07)

0.80 (0.67, 0.95)

0.66 (0.53, 0.83)

< 0.001

 Model 2, OR (95% CI)

1 Ref.

0.88 (0.73, 1.04)

0.86 (0.70, 1.04)

0.71 (0.56, 0.90)

0.007

 Model 3, OR (95% CI)

1 Ref.

0.89 (0.74, 1.07)

0.87 (0.72, 1.06)

0.73 (0.58, 0.93)

0.016

Components of the metabolic syndrome

 Abdominal obesitya, cases

1111

1176

927

476

 

  Model 1, OR (95% CI)

1 Ref.

0.91 (0.80, 1.04)

0.82 (0.71, 0.93)

0.68 (0.58, 0.81)

< 0.001

  Model 2, OR (95% CI)

1 Ref.

0.82 (0.69, 0.97)

0.83 (0.69, 0.99)

0.63 (0.50, 0.79)

< 0.001

  Model 3, OR (95% CI)

1 Ref.

0.82 (0.69, 0.97)

0.84 (0.70, 1.00)

0.63 (0.51, 0.80)

< 0.001

 Fasting blood glucose 100–126 mg/dl, cases

161

175

139

60

 

  Model 1, OR (95% CI)

1 Ref.

1.07 (0.81, 1.41)

1.02 (0.77, 1.36)

0.73 (0.51, 1.06)

0.193

  Model 2, OR (95% CI)

1 Ref.

1.04 (0.78, 1.37)

1.04 (0.78, 1.39)

0.74 (0.51, 1.07)

0.247

  Model 3, OR (95% CI)

1 Ref.

1.05 (0.79, 1.39)

1.05 (0.79, 1.40)

0.75 (0.52, 1.08)

0.282

 Blood pressure ≥ 130/85 mmHg, cases

1354

1555

1217

723

 

  Model 1, OR (95% CI)

1 Ref.

1.07 (0.94, 1.22)

0.87 (0.75, 1.00)

0.90 (0.76, 1.06)

0.022

  Model 2, OR (95% CI)

1 Ref.

1.08 (0.94, 1.25)

0.88 (0.76, 1.01)

0.91 (0.77, 1.08)

0.046

  Model 3, OR (95% CI)

1 Ref.

1.08 (0.94, 1.24)

0.92 (0.80, 1.05)

0.94 (0.80, 1.10)

0.13

 Triglycerides ≥ 150 mg/dl, cases

568

581

455

240

 

  Model 1, OR (95% CI)

1 Ref.

0.89 (0.77, 1.04)

0.80 (0.67, 0.94)

0.74 (0.61, 0.90)

0.001

  Model 2, OR (95% CI)

1 Ref.

0.91 (0.78, 1.06)

0.87 (0.73, 1.03)

0.81 (0.66, 0.99)

0.032

  Model 3, OR (95% CI)

1 Ref.

0.92 (0.78, 1.07)

0.88 (0.74, 1.05)

0.83 (0.68, 1.02)

0.053

 Low HDL-Cb, cases

847

905

682

348

 

  Model 1, OR (95% CI)

1 Ref.

0.87 (0.76, 0.99)

0.80 (0.70, 0.92)

0.68 (0.58, 0.80)

< 0.001

  Model 2, OR (95% CI)

1 Ref.

0.89 (0.77, 1.03)

0.86 (0.74, 0.99)

0.75 (0.63, 0.89)

0.001

  Model 3, OR (95% CI)

1 Ref.

0.89 (0.78, 1.03)

0.86 (0.74, 0.99)

0.76 (0.63, 0.90)

0.001

HOMA-IR, 95% CI, difference of means

 Model 1, β (95% CI)

0 Ref.

− 0.04 (− 0.12, 0.06)

− 0.11 (− 0.20, − 0.02)

− 0.21 (− 0.31, − 0.11)

< 0.001

 Model 2, β (95% CI)

0 Ref.

− 0.03 (− 0.12, 0.05)

− 0.08 (− 0.16, − 0.02)

− 0.18 (− 0.27, − 0.09)

< 0.001

 Model 3, β (95% CI)

0 Ref.

− 0.03 (− 0.12, 0.05)

− 0.06 (− 0.15, 0.02)

− 0.17 (− 0.26, − 0.08)

0.001

Hs-CRP (mg/dl)c, difference of log-means

 Model 1, β (95% CI)

0 Ref.

0.01 (− 006, 0.08)

− 0.17 (− 0.25, − 0.10)

− 0.13 (− 0.22, − 0.04)

< 0.001

 Model 2, β (95% CI)

0 Ref.

0.02 (− 0.05, 0.09)

− 0.14 (− 0.21, − 0.06)

− 0.09 (− 0.17, 0.006)

< 0.001

 Model 3, β (95% CI)

0 Ref.

0.03 (− 0.05, 0.09)

− 0.14 (− 0.21, − 0.06)

− 0.09 (− 0.17, 0.02)

0.001

  1. Number of morbidities includes the following self-reported physician-diagnosed diseases (coronary heart disease, stroke and heart failure, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, respiratory disease, hip fracture, urinary infection, sleep apnea, depression, Alzheimer’s disease, cirrhosis, Parkinson’s disease, stomach ulcers, intestinal polyps, cataracts, periodontal disease, cancer)
  2. Model 1: adjusted for sex, age, educational level (no formal or primary education, secondary education, university)
  3. Model 2: Adjusted for Model 1 + smoking (never, former, current), total energy intake (kcal/day), and body mass index
  4. Model 3: Model 2 + prevalence of cancer, respiratory disease, depression, number of morbidities (excluding the previously mentioned conditions) and number of drug treatments
  5. HDL-C high density lipoprotein cholesterol, Hs-CRP highly sensitive C-reactive protein, HOMA-IR Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance, MEDLIFE Mediterranean lifestyle
  6. aAbdominal obesity: waist circumference ≥ 102 cm in men, and ≥ 88 in women
  7. bHDL-C level < 40 mg/dl in men or < 50 in women
  8. cValues are presented for the logarithmic of the hs-CRP
Back to article page

Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840