Variables | Total (n = 4205) | Incident type 2 diabetes | p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Without (n = 3637) | With (n = 568) | |||
Age (years) | 56.1 ± 7.5 | 55.9 ± 7.4 | 57.1 ± 7.5 | < 0.001 |
Male, n (%) | 1388 (33.0) | 1181 (32.5) | 207 (36.4) | 0.061 |
Current smoker, n (%) | 555 (13.2) | 468 (12.9) | 87 (15.3) | 0.109 |
Current drinker, n (%) | 551 (13.1) | 467 (12.8) | 84 (14.8) | 0.201 |
Physical activity, n (%) | 0.367 | |||
 Low | 3020 (71.8) | 204 (71.6) | 416 (73.2) |  |
 Middle | 912 (21.7) | 793 (21.8) | 119 (21.0) |  |
 High | 273 (6.5) | 240 (6.6) | 33 (5.8) |  |
Educational attainment (years) | < 0.001 | |||
 0–6 | 938 (22.3) | 778 (21.4) | 160 (28.2) |  |
 7–9 | 2090 (49.7) | 1819 (50.0) | 271 (47.7) |  |
 ≥ 10 | 1177 (28.0) | 1040 (28.6) | 137 (24.1) |  |
Hypertension, n (%) | 1106 (26.3) | 917 (25.2) | 189 (33.3) | < 0.001 |
IFG, n (%) | 2120 (50.4) | 1724 (47.4) | 396 (69.7) | < 0.001 |
IGT, n (%) | 1899 (45.2) | 1509 (41.5) | 390 (68.7) | < 0.001 |
iHbA1c, n (%) | 2819 (67.0) | 2365 (65.0) | 454 (79.9) | < 0.001 |
SBP (mmHg) | 128.78 ± 19.72 | 127.67 ± 20.00 | 135.88 ± 16.03 | < 0.001 |
DBP (mmHg) | 80.6 ± 10.6 | 80.27 ± 10.76 | 82.33 ± 9.49 | < 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.15 ± 4.62 | 24.04 ± 4.71 | 24.89 ± 3.87 | < 0.001 |
WC (cm) | 83.2 ± 8.5 | 82.7 ± 8.3 | 86.1 ± 8.7 | < 0.001 |
Male | 86.3 ± 8.5 | 86.0 ± 8.4 | 88.4 ± 8.6 | 0.004 |
Female | 81.6 ± 8.4 | 81.1 ± 8.2 | 84.9 ± 8.7 | < 0.001 |
FPG (mmol/L) | 5.86 ± 0.49 | 5.82 ± 0.48 | 6.13 ± 0.46 | < 0.001 |
PPG (mmol/L) | 7.43 ± 1.67 | 7.29 ± 1.66 | 8.35 ± 1.69 | < 0.001 |
HbA1c (%) | 5.68 ± 0.38 | 5.67 ± 0.38 | 5.76 ± 0.36 | < 0.001 |
HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 38.57 ± 4.18 | 38.42 ± 4.20 | 39.52 ± 3.94 | < 0.001 |
Insulin (mU/L) | 6.7 (4.4–9.0) | 6.7 (4.8–8.8) | 7.7 (5.2–10.3) | < 0.001 |
HOMA-IR | 1.78 (1.31–2.47) | 1.74 (1.29–2.37) | 2.21 (1.42–2.78) | < 0.001 |
CRP (mg/L) | 1.46 (0.76–2.65) | 1.33 (0.71–2.39) | 1.61 (0.83–2.95) | < 0.001 |
HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.23 ± 0.32 | 1.23 ± 0.33 | 1.22 ± 0.31 | 0.498 |
LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.65 ± 0.75 | 2.64 ± 0.74 | 2.68 ± 0.82 | 0.238 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.68 ± 1.00 | 4.66 ± 1.00 | 4.78 ± 1.06 | 0.008 |
TG (mmol/L) | 1.35 (0.96–1.95) | 1.34 (0.95–1.87) | 1.48 (1.04–2.36) | < 0.001 |
ALT (U/L) | 14 (10–20) | 13 (10–19) | 16 (12–22) | < 0.001 |
AST (U/L) | 19 (16–24) | 18 (12–24) | 22 (17–28) | < 0.001 |
GGT (U/L) | 20 (13–32) | 19 (13–31) | 26 (16–40) | < 0.001 |
Cr (mmol/L) | 66.78 ± 17.61 | 66.77 ± 18.28 | 66.87 ± 12.55 | 0.899 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 111.28 ± 12.84 | 111.42 ± 12.91 | 110.42 ± 12.44 | 0.085 |
PCSK9 (ng/mL) | 285.62 ± 98.52 | 283.68 ± 97.09 | 298.04 ± 103.87 | 0.001 |
Male | 277.50 ± 97.57 | 278.44 ± 97.69 | 272.13 ± 97.52 | 0.391 |
Female | 289.62 ± 98.80 | 286.20 ± 97.67 | 312.90 ± 103.63 | < 0.001 |