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Fig. 3 | Cardiovascular Diabetology

Fig. 3

From: Association of circulating proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 levels and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes in subjects with prediabetes: a population-based cohort study

Fig. 3

PCSK9 levels on a continuous scale and risk of incident type 2 diabetes in females (a–d) and males (e). Data were fit by a Cox regression model that was based on restricted cubic splines with five knots at the 5th, 35th, 50th, 65th, and 95th centiles. The reference point was a sex-specific median PCSK9 level of 272.36 ng/mL for females and 267.56 ng/mL for males. Hazard ratios are indicated by solid lines and 95% CIs by shaded areas. a Model 1 was adjusted for age, smoking, drinking, physical activity, and educational attainment. b Model 2 was adjusted for the variables in model 1 plus BMI. c Model 3 was adjusted for the variables in model 2 plus waist circumference. d Model 4 was adjusted for the variables in model 3 plus TG, SBP, ALT, AST, GGT, CRP, and HOMA-IR. e The crude model. For graphs (a) to (d), p value < 0.001 for the overall association and > 0.1 for nonlinearity for all outcomes. For graph (e), p value > 0.05 for the overall association and > 0.1 for nonlinearity

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Cardiovascular Diabetology

ISSN: 1475-2840