Table 3 Clinical characteristics of Covid-19 patients on admission

Chest X-ray

No infiltrates

131 (30.4)

94 (31.8)

37 (27.4)

NS

61 (43.9)

70 (23.5)

< 0.001

Unilateral infiltrates

43 (10.0)

31 (10.5)

12 (8.9)

7 (5.3)

36 (12.1)

Bilateral infiltrates

257 (59.6)

171 (57.8)

86 (61.9)

65 (48.9)

192 (64.4)

Complete blood count

Hemoglobin (g/l) (120–160)

130 ± 1.2

134.6 ± 1.4

120.4 ± 1.7

< 0.001

131.2 ± 2.2

129.6 ± 1.3

NS

WBC count (4.0–11.0)

8.0 ± 0.2

8.3 ± 0.3

7.3 ± 0.3

NS

8.0 ± 0.4

8.0 ± 0.3

NS

Platelet count (140–450)

249.7 ± 4.7

244.7 ± 5.7

260.5 ± 8.3

0.04

249.6 ± 8.4

249.7 ± 5.7

NS

Lymphocyte (1–5)

1.3 ± 0.1

1.2 ± 0.1

1.4 ± 0.1

NS

1.5 ± 0.2

1.2 ± 0.1

NS

Neutrophils (2.0–7.5)

6.0 ± 0.2

6.4 ± 0.3

5.3 ± 0.3

0.04

5.8 ± 0.3

6.1 ± 0.3

NS

d-dimer (µg/ml) (0.22–0.45)

2.2 ± 0.2

2.3 ± 0.2

2.0 ± 0.2

NS

1.7 ± 0.2

2.4 ± 0.2

NS

Liver profile

 ALT (U/l) (20–65)

57.6 ± 3.1

62.3 ± 3.2

47.1 ± 7.1

NS

64.7 ± 5.8

54.4 ± 3.7

NS

 AST (U/l) (15–37)

60.8 ± 3.1

62.5 ± 2.9

57.0 ± 7.4

NS

68.1 ± 6.9

57.6 ± 3.2

NS

 LDH (U/l) (84–246)

455.2 ± 11.9

475.3 ± 14.7

409.0 ± 19.5

0.003

440.2 ± 26.4

461.7 ± 12.7

NS

Renal Profile

 BUN (mmol/l) (2.5–6.4)

7.7 ± 0.4

7.8 ± 0.5

7.4 ± 0.6

NS

6.6 ± 0.7

8.2 ± 0.5

NS

 Creatinine (µmol/l) (49–90)

123.6 ± 8.0

129.6 ± 9.8

110.6 ± 13.8

NS

110.4 ± 12.3

129.7 ± 10.2

NS

 Na (mmol/l) (136–145)

136.8 ± 0.3

137.0 ± 0.3

136.3 ± 0.5

NS

137.8 ± 0.5

136.4 ± 0.3

NS

 K (mmol/l) (3.5–5.1)

4.4 ± 0.1

4.4 ± 0.05

4.6 ± 0.3

NS

4.2 ± 0.1

4.6 ± 0.1

NS

Lipid profile

 Triglycerides (mmol/l)

2.0 ± 0.09

2.1 ± 0.1

1.9 ± 0.1

NS

1.6 ± 0.1

2.1 ± 0.1

0.03

 HDL-Cholesterol (mmol/l)

0.88 ± 0.05

0.8 ± 0.1

0.9 ± 0.05

NS

0.8 ± 0.05

0.9 ± 0.06

NS

 LDL-Cholesterol (mmol/l)

2.0 ± 0.08

2.0 ± 0.1

2.0 ± 0.1

NS

2.0 ± 0.2

2.0 ± 0.09

NS

Inflammatory markers

 Ferritin (µg/ml) (13–150)

942.6 ± 54.6

1116.3 ± 72.7

570.7 ± 60.9

< 0.001

859.2 ± 90.5

980.7 ± 67.9

0.049

 Procalcitonin (ng/ml) (0–0.046)

2.6 ± 0.6

2.0 ± 0.6

3.9 ± 1.5

NS

4.2 ± 1.8

2.0 ± 0.6

NS

 ESR (mm/h) (0–24)

70.5 ± 2.0

67.5 ± 2.3

77.2 ± 3.6

NS

63.1 ± 3.8

74.0 ± 2.2

NS

 CRP (mg/l) (< 10.0)

104.8 ± 3.8

110.6 ± 4.8

91.2 ± 5.7

0.003

97.3 ± 7.3

107.9 ± 4.4

NS

 IL-6 (pg/ml) (1.5–7.0)

172.6 ± 28.3

183.5 ± 37.2

145.4 ± 34.7

NS

143.5 ± 42.3

183.7 ± 35.6

NS

Thyroid profile

 TSH (µIU/ml) (0.25–5.0)

2.1 ± 0.5

2.1 ± 0.7

2.1 ± 0.5

NS

1.7 ± 0.2

2.2 ± 0.7

NS

 FT4 (pmol/l) (10–24.5)

16.4 ± 0.3

16.4 ± 0.3

16.5 ± 0.6

NS

15.6 ± 0.5

16.8 ± 0.4

0.02

Glycemic profile

 HbA1c (%)

8.0 ± 0.1

7.9 ± 0.2

8.1 ± 0.2

NS

5.5 ± 0.1

10.6 ± 0.3

< 0.001

 Fasting Glucose (mmol/l)

9.2 ± 0.3

9.1 ± 0.3

9.6 ± 0.5

NS

5.8 ± 0.05

8.6 ± 0.1

< 0.001

Other markers

 Corrected Ca (mmol/l) (2.1–2.55)

2.3 ± 0.01

2.31 ± 0.01

2.34 ± 0.01

0.02

2.3 ± 0.01

2.3 ± 0.01

NS

 25(OH)D (nmol/l) (75–250)

40.4 ± 2.4

39.0 ± 2.8

43.1 ± 4.4

NS

38.1 ± 6.2

41.1 ± 2.5

NS